110 Floristik, Geographie, Systematik etc. 



Teil der in der Umgebung van Manäos durch die Einmischung der 

 Menschen veränderten Pflanzenvereine gehört dem tiefer liegenden 

 Gebiet und dem Uebergang zum Walde an, ein anderer dem höher 

 gelegenen trockneren Sande; im letzteren ist der ursprüngliche 

 Wald niedergeschlagen worden und eine dichte Strauchvegetation, 

 eine echte Capoeira, aufgewachsen. 



6. Terra firme bei Säo Joaquim. 



7. Ufervegetation, Wald und Campina im Gebiet des 

 Marmellos. W. Wangerin (Burg bei Magdeburg). 



Werekle, C, Eine interessante Rhipsalis- Art aus Costarica 

 (Monatsschr. f. Kakteenk. XVII. 5. p. 71—72. 1907.) 



Verf. berichtet über drei neue Kakteen aus Costarica, einen 

 Phyllocactus , einen Cerens und eine Rhipsalis. Von letzterer gibt 

 er eine eingehendere Beschreibung. Ausserdem führt er den von 

 ihm neu gefundenen Standort der Agave Wercklei Web. an. 



E. Franz (Halle a. Saale). 



Woosnam, R. B., Ruwenzori and its Life Zones. (Geogr.Journ. 

 XXX. p. 616—629. 1 map and 9 figs. Dec. 1907.) 



A general account of the British Museum Expedition 1905/06. 

 The ränge is about 65 miles long and 33 wide; the highest peaks 

 are about 5000 M. and rise from the plains of Uganda on the east 

 (1000 M.) and the Semliki valley on the west (460 M.); the south end 

 rises rapidly from Lake Albert Edward while the north end of 

 the ränge sinks gradually on to high land east of Albert Nyanza. 



Dense clouds almost constantly envelope the ränge from about 

 2400 M. upwards, and produce great humidity; these descend lower 

 on the west side than on the east. The north and south ends are 

 drier. Rainfall about 250 c. m. p. ann., the wettest period being 

 September to December, with another somewhat less wet period 

 February— May. The temperature ränge is not great; during4 months 

 at 1800 M., the maximum was 74° F., the minimum 58° F. 



Zones of Vegetation were traced round the ränge, but in this 

 preliminary paper these are only briefly described ; the approxi- 

 mate altitudes given below are for the east side, on the west slo- 

 pes they are lower. (a) Grass zone, upper limit 1980 M., is a conti- 

 nuation of the Vegetation and faune of the plains. (b) Forest zone, 

 Upper limit 2600 M.; this forms a conspicuous dark band round the 

 ränge and is continued by a tongue on the western slopes into the 

 Congo forest; it thins out into a narrow zone at the northern end; 

 the lower forest strongly resembles that of Uganda, but about 

 2100 M. the flora and fauna of Ruwenzori appear (e. g. Lobelia 

 giberroa and Podocarpus inilaiijiana)\ small mammals and birds 

 abound in the forest and grass zones, but become fewer at higher 

 altitudes. (c) Bamboo zone of dense Vegetation, (d) Tree heath zone; 

 Erica arborea becomes abundant about 3000 M. and forms a dense 

 forest with tree-stems bearing masses of moss which also cover 

 numerous fallen stems; Lobelia Deckenii occurs in flat peat}^ bogs. 

 (e) Lobelia and Senecio zone: these plants begin to be abundant in 

 the upper part of the tree-heath forest, but when this ceases about 

 3800 M., they form a characteristic Vegetation; L. Wollastoni is a 

 feature of this zone; the soil is a soft black mud covered with deep 

 moss. (f) Snow zone begins about 4400 M.. and has only mosses and 



