296 Varietäten, Descendenz, Hybriden. 



Two bud Sports were discovered and investigated. 



In plants grown from the seed of the so-called O. aniniophüa 

 collected on the coast near Bremen, Germany, one individual 

 was found which produced a large branch from near the base of 

 the main axis. This branch was in all details the exact duplicate of 

 the O. biennis as grown at the New York Botanical Garden. Guarded 

 seed from the main axis and the lateral branch came perfectly true 

 to their respective types. The authors suggest that O. ammophila 

 may be a hybrid derivative of 0. biennis, but no positive evidence 

 of its origin is at hand. 



From one of the hybrids, 0. larnarckiana X (^- lamarckiana X 

 O. cruciata) a single branch producing only the broad petals of 

 O. Imnarckiana was produced. When the flowers of this branch 

 were seif fertilized they gave offspring with exclusivel}^ cruciate 

 flowers. When the flowers of the main stem were seif fertilized 

 they gave a mixed offspring in which both forms occurred. The 

 authors suggest that the cruciate character is dominant while the 

 broad petal character is recessive; the broad petaled bud Sport 

 would then represent an extracted recessive which breeds true with 

 seif fertilization while the flowers of the main stem, under the same 

 conditions, yield a mixed ofi"spring. 



7) The artificial Production of Mutants. 



MacDougal has attempted to produce mutants artificiallj^ by the 

 injection of Solutions into the ovaries b}'^ means of an ordinary 

 physicians metal hypodermic syringe. 



Solutions of copper sulphate, 1 : 400,000, injected into the ovaries 

 of O. lamarckiana immediately previous to pollination with its own 

 pollen seemed to produce no more than the normal number of 

 mutants. 



Radium pencils were also used in a limited series of experi- 

 ments. From the seed 20 normal 0. lamarckiana and 2 mutants 

 were raised. 



Solutions of magnesium sulphate in distilled water produced no 

 results when injected into the ovaries of 0. biennis. 



Poisonous Solutions of zinc sulphate, 1:500 of distilled water, 

 were also used with 0. biennis. In addition to the inconstant aber- 

 rant forms described as occurring regularly in this species, one 

 very distinct type which is described as reproducing itself perfectly 

 true from seed was produced. This the authors regard as a mutant. 

 It is possible, though not probable, that it arose independently of 

 the action of the Solutions. 



Radium pencils with O. biennis gave negative results. 



In 1905 several atypic individuals were secured by the injection 

 of various substances into the ovaries of Raimannia odorata. TheTorm 

 of the atypic individuals was always the same irrespective of the 

 substance employed: 2 were secured from an ovary which^had been 

 treated with a 10 per cent. sugar Solution, 10 from one which had 

 been injected with calcium nitrate, 1 : 1,000 of distilled water, and 

 1 was found in the progeny of a carpel which had been exposed 

 to the action of a radium pencil. Seeds from these atypic individuals 

 produced offspring true to t3'^pe. Among the few hundred füll}- atypic 

 individuals, 1 was found with wide leaves, another with ciliate leaves 

 and still another with undulate leaves. These results cause the 

 authors to think that the action of the chemical has been merely to 

 throw some of the characters into a condition of latency and permit 

 the development of the atypic form. 



