368 Pharmaceutisches, etc. — Angewandte Botanik, Methoden. 



on the other band, there is a closed sheath of stereome inside the 

 cortex, surrounding two almost concentric bands of mestome-bundles. 

 The leaves are dorsiventral, with the stomata arranged in rows 

 parallel with the longitudinal axis of the leaf-blade. No typical pali- 

 sade tissue w^as observed, but the ventral portion of the chloren- 

 chyma consists of very irregularly lobed cells with wide intercel- 

 lular Spaces. Theo Holm. 



Holm, T., Medicinal plants of North America. 17. Geraniurn 

 maculatum L. (Merck's Report. 17. p. 172—175. f. 1 — 14. July 1908.) 



The genus Geraniiun was known already to Dioscorides as 

 „Geranion", and is also, mentioned in the works of Pliny, who 

 regarded several of the species as important medicinal plants. The 

 well-known „Herb Robert" [G. Rohertiamini) gained a high repu- 

 tation as a remedy for ulcers and was generally called „Sancti 

 Ruperti herba" or „Gratia Dei" in the botanies of the seventeenth 

 Century. The subterranean stem with the roots of most of the spe- 

 cies of the genus are pureh'' astringent, but only G. tnacidatiim is 

 at present recognized as a medicinal plant; in this the rhizome is 

 so astringent that the plant is called „Alum-root." 



The drug contains tannic and gallic acids, mucilage, a red 

 coloring matter, resin, pectin, gum, starch, albumen and various 

 salts, but the tannic and gallic acid are probably the sole active 

 constituents. The rhizome of the seedling and the mature plant is 

 described and figured. Characteristic of the root-structure is the 

 peculiar thickening of the exodermis, as already described by Van 

 Tieghem. No endodermis and no pericj^cle was observed in the 

 thick, horizontally creeping rhizome, but a Single, somewhat excen- 

 tric band of small mestome-strands with interl3äng strata of inter- 

 fascicular cambium. 



In the aerial stem there is hypodermal collenchj'-ma ; and a 

 pericj^cle of a closed ring of the stereome, but no interfascicular 

 cambium. Long-pointed and small glandulär hairs abound on the 

 stem and leaves besides stellate hairs, hitherto not observed in this 

 family. The leaves are bifacial so far as concerns the chlorenchyma, 

 but not in respect to the distribution of the stomata, which occur 

 on both faces of the blade, most frequent, however, on the dorsal; 

 they have no subsidiary cells. The chlorenchyma consist of a typi- 

 cal palisade tissue of one la^^er, and a compact pneumatic tissue in 

 fine strata with numerous druids of calcium-oxalate. Theo Holm. 



Pende, N. und L. Viviani. Eine neue praktische Methode 

 für anaerobe Bacillenkulturen. (Centr. f. Bakt. I. Abt. XLIV. 

 p. 282. 1907.) 



Man soll sich mit sehr verdünntem reinem Wasserstoff gefüllte 

 beiderseitig zugeschmolzene Glasröhren herstellen, deren eines Ende 

 in eine lange Spitze ausgezogen ist. Dieses Ende führt man in die 

 infizierte Nährlösung oder den infizierten verflüssigten Nährboden 

 ein und bricht unter der Oberfläche ab. Die Flüssigkeit wird schnell 

 eingesogen und die Röhre füllt sich zu circa 2/3. Dann schmilzt man 

 die abgebrochene Spitze wieder zu. (? Ref.). Bredemann (Marburg). 



Ausgegeben: 6 October 1908. 



Verlag von Gustav Fischer in Jena. 

 Buchdruckerel A. W. Sijthoff in Leiden. 



