390 Floristik, Geographie, Systematik etc. 



literature of the lö^^^ and 17'^ centuries the name Carex does not 

 occur, although some species of the genus were not entirely unknown 

 to the writers of that early period. Cyperaceae, Gramineae, and 

 several other plants with grass-like leaves and more or less incon- 

 spicuous fiowers were at that time almost indiscriminately merged 

 into one group and described as "kinds" of grasses, thus they 

 figure mostly under the common appellation "■Gramen''\ No species 

 of Carex are mentioned in the works of Turner (1551), Tragus 

 (1552), Dodonaeus (1583), Camerarius (1586) or Thal'ius (1588), 

 while Gerard e (1597) described a few species as Gramen and 

 Cyperus viz. Carex leporina {Gr. sylvaticum), C. hirta {Gr. exile hir- 

 suturn), C. pallescens {Gr. cyperinum), and C. riparia {Cyperus typhi- 

 nus). In the 17^11 Century we find a few species described by Dale- 

 champs (1615) as '^Gramen cyperoides^\ and by Tabernaemon- 

 tanus (1625) as "■Gramen^'' together with species of Gramineae, 

 Lusula, Stellaria, Armeria etc. They were furthermore ^^ Gramen'''' 

 according to Parkinson (1640) and Ray (1688). Tournefort (1700), 

 however, had Carex and Eriophorum as Cyperoides, distinct from 

 '^Gramina'". It was not until the 18'^ Century that Carex became the 

 name of the genus, by Ruppius (1726) and Micheli (1729), until 

 finally Linnaeus undertook the task of describing and classifying 

 about forty species of the genus Carex. Linnaeus' Classification, 

 artificial as it be, is nevertheless still in use and became the foun- 

 dation of the three large sections: Mono-^ Homo- and Hetero-stachyae. 

 Almost a Century after Linnaeus Beauvais (1819) established the 

 genus Vignea, now only maintained as a section of Carex. At the 

 beginning of the \9^^ Century the study of Carex was undertaken 

 by specialists, as for instance Booth, Carey, Dewey, Kunth, 

 Schkuhr and Wahlenberg. Tuckerman (1843) deserves credit 

 for being the first to arrange the species in a natural way, but 

 failed to append diagnoses to his groups. Then we have in Drejer's 

 posthumous work "S'ymbolae Caricologicae" an excellent, natural 

 Classification, in which he established some "greges" of Carices 

 genuinae, but no Vigneae ; the latter and the remaining greges of 

 the former have been supplemented by the writer. 



The external morphology of the rhizome became explained by 

 Wydler (1844), Alexander Braun (1853), Celakovsky (1864), 

 while Kunth (1835) has given us the signification of utriculus, which 

 according to him, Roeper and Eichler, should represent a Single 

 fore-leaf, while Schumann (1890) has shown us that in some species 

 two leaf-primordia are developed. 



The anatomv has been discussed bj^ various authors, b)'' 

 Schwendener (1874—1889), Laux (1887), Mazel (1891) etc. 



The geographical distribution, so far, has been considered only 

 by a few authors. Theo Holm. 



Jumelle, H., Sur quelques plantes utiles ou interessantes 

 du Nord-Ouest de Madagascar. (Ann. du Musee Colonial de 

 Marseille. XV. p. 315-361. 1 fig. pl. I— IX. 1907.) 



L'auteur a reuni dans ce memoire les resultats de recherches, 

 dejä en partie publiees, sur les especes suivantes: un arbre ä ebene, 

 Diospyros Perrieri sp. nov.; deux Legumineuses ä pal issandre, 

 Dalbergia ikopensis Jum. nom. nov. {D. Perrieri Jum.) et D. Perrieri 

 Drake {D. boinensis Jum.); une Terebinthacee ä gomme-resine, 

 Poupartia gumfnifera Sprague sp. nov.; une Bignoniacee ä exsu- 



