578 Fungi, Myxomyceten, Pathologie. 



longitudinal stripes on the stems, browning of the vascular bundles; the 

 bundles are fiUed with masses of the bacteria. The root is the portion 

 most readil)'- infected especially if it is wounded in any way. To a 

 considerable extent the destructive prevalence of the disease seems to 

 depend on the occurrence of root-infesting nematodes. These nema- 

 todes produce the necessary wounds on the root System. Various 

 investigations have recorded instances where fields once infected 

 with the disease remain infected indefinitely, and such fields are 

 useless for the growth of practically all Solanaceous plants since 

 they readily contract the disease. Fourteen "Remedies and Palliations" 

 are given the list of which is as follows: shun land known to be 

 infected; do not cultivate plants related to the tobacco on such land; 

 if crops are grown in infected fields look for resistent plants for 

 seed; transplant early and use the greatest care to avoid wounding 

 the roots; the nematodes may be reduced by rotation with winter 

 grains followed by velvet beans; remove and burn all infected plants 

 and refuse; strive in every way to prevent the infection of fields. 



R. J. Pool. 



Stevens, F. L. and J. G. Hall. Some Apple Diseases. (Bull. 

 196. N. Y. Agri. Expt. Sta. June 1907.) 



A black rot closely resembling that caused by Sphaeropsis is 

 described and figured. The authors conclude that the disease is 

 caused by a fungus never before determined for which they propose 

 the name Volutella Jructi. It is thought that spraying such as for 

 scap and black rot will be effective in Controlling the disease. 

 Fifteen figures depict the structure and cultural habits of the fungus. 



In the same bulletin Coniothyriunt is described as a fruit rot, 

 in such cases producing a rot resembling that produced by Penicil- 

 lium. The species appears to be C. Fuckelii. The same disease has 

 been found upon apple twigs. 



Apple scurf has been studied and a report is given in this same 

 bulletin. The chief Symptom of this disease is a shrinking of the 

 bark including the epidermis thus producing air Spaces beneath the 

 cuticle which gives the region affeoted a silvery gray color. Minute 

 pycnidia were found on such areas. The fungus belongs either to 

 the genus Phyllosticta or Phoma. Infection upon unbruised bark is 

 thought to take place through lenticels. R. J. Pool. 



Wetzel, H. H., Bean Anthracnose. (Bull. 255, Cornell Ag. Exp. 

 Stat. Ithaca, N. Y. 1908, with 7 figures in the text.) 



This bulletin deals with the common anthracnose of the bean 

 caused by Colletotrichum Ihideniuthianum. A new factor in the pos- 

 sible control of the disease has been found in the matter of selec- 

 ting clean seed. Clean seed by pod seJection has presented itselt 

 and may be a means of solving this difificult problem. Spraying with 

 poisons is out of the question because the mycelium of the fungus 

 penetrates the bean itself, and hence a poison sufificient to kill the 

 parasite will also kill the seed. The use of Bordeaux mixture is 

 unprofitable because machinery is not at band with which to spray 

 effectively and to cover the parts of the plants which must be covered. 



A description of the disease is followed by suggestions for its 

 control. Since the fungus is carried over from one season to another 

 largely if not wholly in the seed it seems imperativ^e that clean seed 



