598 Morphologie, Befruchtung, Teratologie, Cytologie. 



Evans, W. E., Effect of Environment on the Hypocotyl in 

 the genus Liisiila. (Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, 

 Edinburgh. W. XVIII. Aug. 1907. p. 105-113. with 1 Plate.) 



In seedlings of Lusula piirpurea germinated on the surface of 

 a damp medium the hypocotyl is extremely Short. When the seed 

 is buried, on germination, the hypocotyl elongates considerably and 

 raises the plumule to the surface. 



Seedlings grown on the surface but in darkness show an elon- 

 gated hypocotyl, the Stimulus to elongation being probably lack of 

 sufificient light. The amount of elongation always corresponds exactly 

 to the depth of the sowing of the seed. Normally the epicotyl takes 

 no part in the elongation, remaining quite unelongated when the 

 hypocotyl may be as much as \ in. long. 



The primary root and the hypocotyl are very short lived, being 

 early replaced by secondary roots, arising just below the leaves. 

 The Stele of the elongated hypocotyl shows typical symmetry of a 

 diarch root; the transition to the stem structure is sudden. Similar 

 phenomena were observed in L. maxinia and L. cauipestris but not 

 in the genus Juncus. M. Wilson. 



Ono, K., Studies on some extranuptial nectaries. (Journ. 

 Coli. Sc. imp. Univ. Tokyo. XXIII. 3. 28 pp. 1907.) 



There are two forms of extranuptial nectaries. One is represented 

 by Polygoniiyn sachalinense and the other by Prunus yedoensis. A 

 Classification of some extranuptial nectaries, the plants which belong 

 to the two forms and the secreting season are given on p. 12, 13. 



The first type of extranuptial nectaries develops from epidermal 

 cells, while the second from a group of cells both epidermal and 

 hypodermal. 



Foliar nectaries are situated on the underside of the leaf, while 

 petiolar nectaries are situated on the upper surface of the petiole. 



Extranuptial nectaries consist of two parts: secretory cells, which 

 directly secrete the nectar on the surface of the nectary; and sub- 

 glandular cells, which have only an indirect relation to the secretion. 



External circumstances are of little importance to the secretion 

 as compared with the inner conditions of the nectary itself. 



Among different external circumstances, moisture seems to be 

 of the greatest importance. 



The secretion in the case of the nectaries of the second type is 

 more active, than in those of the first type. 



Ants are attracted by extranuptial nectaries. 



Lists of Japanese, native or cultivated plants^which have extra- 

 nuptial nectaries and of the literature on extranuptial nectaries ac- 

 company the paper. Jongmans. 



Shibata, K. and K. Miyake. Some observations on the Phy- 

 siology of Cvcffs-Spermatozoids. (Botan. Magazine, Tokvo. XXI. 

 N'J. 242. p. 45—49. 1907.) 



From the autors results must be concluded that either the Cycas- 

 Spermatozoids lack the chemotactic irritability or that the Chemotaxis 

 can only take place under some unknown external conditions such 

 as the special composition of outside medium. If the former alternative 

 is found to be correct, the spermatozoids have probably lost the 

 chemotactic il-ritability which has existed in the ancester of Cycas 

 and perform, at present, the act of fertilization by means of me- 



