Morphologie, Teratologie, Befruchtung, Cytologie. 371 



already out of print, has been reprinted without change. A third 

 edition will not appear until the autumn of 1913. 



Charles J. Chamberlain (Chicago). 



Davis, B. M., R. A. Harper, Ch. J. Chamberlain and D. M. 

 Mottier. Symposium: Nuclear Phenomena of Sexual re- 

 production in Thallophytes and Spermatophytes. (Botanical 

 Society of America, Publication 45. These papers of Publication 

 45 are reprinted from the American Naturalist, 1910.) 



At the Boston meeting of the Botanical Society of America 

 a Symposium on nuclear phenomena of sex reproduction was read 

 Thursday, Dec. 30, 1910. 



Dr. Davis discussed the nuclear phenomena of sexual repro- 

 duction in Algae; Dr. Harper, the nuclear phenomena of sexual 

 reproduction in Fungi; Dr. Chamberlain, the nuclear phenomena 

 of sexual reproduction in Gymnosperms; and Dr. Mottier, the 

 nuclear phenomena of sexual reproduction in Angiosperms. 



Naturally, all the papers deal principally with fertilization and 

 with the reduction of chromosomes. No new material is presented, 

 since the object was not to record new investigation, but rather to 

 present the subject in such a way as to make it helpful to the 

 botanical public and to stimulate and facilitate investigation. 



Charles J. Chamberlain (Chicago). 



Gates, R. R., The Mode ofChromosome Reduction. (Bot. 

 Gaz. LI. p. 321—344. 1911.) 



From a study of the literature and from his own investigations 

 on Oenothera, Dr. Gates draws the following conclusions in regard 

 to the reduction of chromosomes: 



There are two modes of reduction, by an end-to-end arrange- 

 ment of chromosomes, and by a side-to-side pairing; but the diffe- 

 rence is not of hereditary or phylogenetic significance, since short 

 chromosomes are more likely to show the end-to-end arrangement, 

 and long chromosomes the lateral pairing. The important fact is 

 the segregation of whole somatic homologous chromosomes at the 

 heterotypic mitosis and the Splitting of these chromosomes at the 

 homotypic mitosis. Since homologous chromosomes are paired 

 throughout the sporophyte, synapsis can hardly function in brin- 

 ging about an interchange of material, as some have supposed. 



Reduction does not consist in a qualitative or quantitative 

 Splitting of chromosomes, but involves merely a segregation and 

 redistribution of the members of homologous pairs of whole somatic 

 chromosomes. Charles J. Chamberlain (Chicago). 



Longo, B., Su la pretesa esistenza del micropilo nel Ficus 

 Carica L. (Annali di Botanica. IX. 6. p. 197. tav. IV. luglio 1911.) 



II s'agit d'une note preliminaire dans laquelle Longo confirme 

 ce qu'il avait affirme autrefois au sujet de ses recherches sur la 

 fecondation chez le Ficus Carica L., que dans l'ovule du Ficus 

 Carica l'ovule n'existe pas. Cette note a ete inspiree par un re- 

 cent travail de Tschirch (Ber. deutsch, bot. Ges. XIX. 3. 1911) 

 d'apres lequel le micropyle existerait toujours. II montre de quelle 



