Pflanzenchemie. — Angewandte Botanik. 605 



.— 



tig sind den in der Literatur genannten Pflanzen noch folgende 

 hinzuzufügen: Pernettya nigrans Hort., Mensiesia polifolia Juss., 

 Bruckeiithalia spiculiflora Rchbg., Asalea pontica L., A. calendulacea 

 Mich., Andromeda formosa Wall., Andromeda dahuricum L. — 

 Quercetin tritt wahrscheinlich bei den Ericaceen ganz allgemein auf. 



Tunmann. 



Hartwich, C-, Ueber alkoholische Getränke aus dem Bären- 

 klau {Heracleum spondylium L.). (Apoth. Zeit. XXVI. p. 703. 

 1911.) 



Verf. bringt eine eingehende Literaturstudie eines alkoholischen 

 Genussmittels, welches unter dem Namen Bartsch in früheren 

 Zeiten von den Slaven aus den Blättern von Heracleum spondylium 

 L. bereitet wurde und von dessen Benutzung auch aus Kam- 

 schatka berichtet wird. Die früheste Nachricht über die Herstel- 

 lung des Getränkes in Europa findet sich bei J. Bauhin und J. H. 

 Cherler, Historia plantarum generalis, 1619. Tunmann. 



Holm, T., Medicinal plants of North America 5 3. Asarum 

 canadense L. (Merck's Report. XX. p. 185—185. flg. 1— 13.July 1911.) 



Formely the rhizome of Asarum canadense L. was recognized 

 by the U. S. Pharmacopoeia, and the drug was called Asarum; it 

 has an aromatic color, and a bitter taste. It contains a volatile oil 

 with a fragrant substance, the so-called asarol. Furthermore the 

 drug contains a pungent, fragrant resin, a yellow coloring principle, 

 and^ starch. The plant is described and figured. It germinates with 

 two epigeic cot3 T ledons, and the shoot remains vertical for a few 

 years, when secondary roots appear. There is an almost regulär 

 succession of scale-like and green leaves with long petioles and 

 ample blades, there being tree scale-like preceding two green 

 leaves. Characteristic of the secondary roots is the presence of 

 2—3 oil-ducts inside the leptome; similar ducts occur also in the 

 hypodermal Stratum of cortex. The primary root, on the other hand, 

 lacks the oil-ducts in the stele. In the rhizome is a distinct endo- 

 dermis, but no pericycle. The leaves are bifacial with short palisades 

 in a Single layer. Theo Holm. 



Holm, T., Medicinal plants of North America. 54. Cepha- 

 lanthus occidentalis L. (Merck's Report. XX. 216—218. flg. 1 — 11. 

 Aug. 1911.) 



The bark of stem and root is used in medicine; it contains a 

 fluorescent acid composed of cephalin and cephaletin; furthermore 

 cephalanthin which is a distinct poison. Several figures illustrate the 

 plant and its anatomv. Very peculiar is the development of the cork 

 in the root, which arises in the peripheral layer of the cortex, j.ust 

 inside the exodermis. The stem lacks endodermis, but has scattered 

 Strands of pericyclic stereome. Secondary stereome occurs in the 

 secondary leptome. The leaves are bifacial, and the stomata have 

 mostly one pair of subsidiary cells; there are 2—3 compact strata 

 of typical, high palisades covering a very open pneumatic tissue. 

 No stereome, but collenchymatic Strands support the midrib. Cry- 

 stalline sand was observed in the pith of the stem, and in the 

 water-storage-tissue, which surrounds the midrib of the leaf. 



Theo Holm. 



