THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 91 



species only, one of which is our Tharos, and as these species of Phy- 

 ciodes form a section of the natural group Melitaea, it is worthy of notice 

 how Hiibner's system compels him to put them into a separate Stirps. 

 The 2nd coitus, same family, is Brenthis, " the hind wings below gayly 

 clouded, pale spotted," and here come 5 species, 4 of which are put by 

 Kirby to Argynnis Fab., while the 5th is Euptoieta Claudia, stuck in here 

 because its hind wings are gayly clouded. 



Next comes the 2nd family, 1st coitus, Argynnis, 10 species, all of 

 which are put to Argynnis Fab. Then 2nd coitus, 3 species, of which 1 

 is Argynnis Fab., 1 Atella Doub., 1 Lachenoptera Doub. The 3rd and 

 4th coitus have all their species put to Argynnis Fab. The 5th, Colsenis, 

 4 species, 2 of which stand as Colaenis Hub., 1st genus of the Nymphal- 

 inae, Argynnis being the 12th, and 2 as Eueides Hub., amongst the 

 Heliconidae. Definition of Eueides : " the fore wings twice spot-banded> 

 the spots all yellow " ; of Cokenis : " wings striped, nearly plain beneath, 

 the hind wings marked at base with white."' ! 



The 6th coitus has 6 species, 1 put to Messara Doub., 1 to Atella 

 Doub., 1 to Pseudacrea West.. 61 genera ahead of Argynnis, and 3 go to 

 Argynnis. So that Argynnis Fab. nicks species from several coitus, 

 situated in two families, among which are Heliconidae, Melitaeas and 

 many distant genera. 



The 6th Stirps, Hamadryades, consists of a mixed lot of species, many 

 quite unrelated, and classed by Kirby in several distinct sub-families of 

 the Nymphalidae, namely, in the 2nd, 3rd and 8th. In this last division 

 are the Vanessans, a compact tribe naturally well characterized. The 1st 

 coitus, 1 st family, is Vanessa, comprising 3 species, Cardui, Huntera and 

 Carye, and the coitus is denned : " wings above marbled, below with 

 large peacock eyes." The next coitus is Pyrameis, 2 species, Atalanta 

 and Callirhoe, defined : " wings red-banded above, marked like a pea- 

 cock's tail below." These 5 congeneric species belong to 2 coitus, because 

 3 are marbled and 2 are red banded ! By Kirby all these are classed 

 under Pyrameis Hiibner, regardless of the coitus character, which excludes 

 everything that is not red-banded. By Scudder, (Revision, etc.) all are 

 placed under Vanessa of Fab., not of Hiib., which is right. Now where 

 are the rest of the Vanessans, C Album, Antiopa, Io, etc., in the Ver- 

 zeichniss ? Naturally they should at least stand by the side of Cardui 

 and Atalanta. Instead of that they are 3 families away, being in 4th 

 family, 2nd, 3rd and 4th coitus, under the names Polygonia, Eugonia and 



