THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 275 



thoroughly tempered by the sprinkling of gray scales. Secondaries 

 whitish, though clouded with dark gray at the margin. Beneath, this same 

 light tone, overlaid by heavy powdeiings. No median shade observable 

 in the series. Expanse, 28-32 mm.; i.i 5-1.28 in. Six specimens, 

 embracing both sexes, are at hand. Co-types v/iU be placed in the U. S. 

 National and the British Museums. 



The species may be superficially separated from iiecopina in the moth 

 state by its smaller size, lighter secondaries and bluer reflection of 

 primaries. The male structures offer little of comparative value, being 

 typical merely. The main characters will be found, in the earlier stages, 

 as already noted. 



Larvae were found to be in the fifth stage at the middle of July. They 

 belong to the most prevalent, the tiitela-rutila series, having the conspicu- 

 ous dorsal stripe continuous. Its ally has this line broken in all stages. 

 In the penultimate, which is the most important for comparisons, we find, 

 for this section of the genus, a very representative larva. The colour is 

 pale sienna, more livid than Merriccata. Longitudinal lines wide, straw 

 colour. Head, 2.3 mm. in width ; shining russet, no side line, mouth- 

 parts and ocelli black. Thoracic plate as wide as head, shining, lighter 

 in colour, edged with black laterally. True legs and spiracles black. 

 Tubercles I and II show as the merest dots on all joints but eleven and 

 twelve, where they are normal. Lateral tubercles small, though all are 

 definable ; IV on joint ten is low down, and has no accessory. Anal 

 plate is small, rougher than thoracic. The dorsal line is very plainly 

 shown for the stage, unbroken in its entirety. The other lines break from 

 joints three to seven. Length, 40 ram ; date, July 20. 



Pupation occurs Aug. 10-15 -• emergence, Sept. 9-20. The pupal 

 change takes place in the gallery, which extends down to all parts of the 

 root that are available, for the species is a gourmand, and it is hard to 

 make one plant furnish enough substance. The amount of food consumed 

 by different species is very striking. Some eat very little, others, most 

 notably cataphracta, can be identified without ever being seen. Imper- 

 turbata enters but slightly above the root, and the plant, which is growing 

 very fast at that time, makes an effort to counterbalance the boring by an 

 elongate enlargement, that in the end furnishes considerable additional 

 substance. The gallery goes upward also until the stem is eaten off and 

 falls. An irregular opening is made for the moth's escape, which the 

 epidermis is left to cover. This larva is not, however, so neat an artisan 

 as necopina in making a doorway. The pupa differs upon comparison 



