THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 3 13 



show some individuality compared with its aUies. The harpes are less 

 forked, obtusely rounded above, the outer margin nearly straight to the 

 lower lobe, which is there sharply angled, but the usual slender, tooth-like 

 projection does not occur. 



Papaipema iielita, Strecker. — The exact standing and determination 

 of this species had not been clear to the minds of all, especially the writer, 

 so when the larva and early habit came to light there was much satisfac- 

 tion experienced. After two seasons' acquaintance it is still of much 

 interest, being very coy in the matter of supplying imagoes, a total of three 

 for the two years is really the worst ever experienced. These poor returns 

 were due to its maturing at an unexpectedly early date, and the enemies 

 that prey are legion. Upon the first appearance of the moth it was 

 identified as Strecker's species from the description, and later this was 

 confirmed by an examination of his types. yErata, described by Lyman 

 as a new form in 1901, was soon afterward placed by its author as a 

 synonym of this species. It can hardly be ?ieliia, however, and is likely 

 valid, certainly if the larva is as he mentions in the meagre note, stating 

 that the usual longitudinal lines are all continuous. Only two other 

 species possess this feature — cataphracta and duovata — and we know the 

 larvfe of all other known mouse-gray species. As the food-plant he 

 mentions is Burdock, his find was evidently a case of substitution, for the 

 species is not taken commonly from that source, even in the type locality, 

 and as this plant is very generally bored by cataphracta the question may 

 be open to possible error. 



Rudbeckia laciniata is the plant chosen by ne/ita, and judging by its 

 numbers in Western Pennsylvania and the wide distribution of the plant, 

 it must occur very generally through the Middle States, though perhaps 

 not crossing the Alleghanies in such numbers, for it has not so far been 

 detected in Westchester County, N. Y. Work is carried on at the foot of 

 the large stems, getting bslow ground at maturity, and an oval swelling is 

 produced, which strengthens the stem sufficiently to keep erect. The 

 commodious cell thus formed is forsaken, however, for the pupal change, 

 though why such snug quarters do not appeal to this species, when all the 

 rest of the superficially-allied ones change in their burrows, is not apparent. 

 Working in conjunction with nelita at the base of Rudbeckia is the larva 

 of the recently-described Hysterosia Birdana, Busck, which shares in the 

 imago the pretty purplish-brown colours of its partner. A more than 

 usual affinity appears to exist between the two, the galls tenanted by nelita 



