THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 99 



andra, being nearer the expanse of Edusa, Myrniidone and Thisoa, and 

 to the last one it has a more than superficial resemblance. The border 

 of primary varies greatly in breadth in different individuals, ranging from 

 2.5 to 4.5 mm. in my specimens, measured at middle of outer margin : this 

 is an important point of contrast from Meadii ^ , in which the breadth 

 of the border of primary, in different individuals, is peculiarly uniform. 

 At apex the border is not usually so broadly produced proportionally as 

 in Meadii, but more nearly as in Heel a. At inner angle, the border is 

 generally much produced, in which it follows the method of Afeadii and 

 differs from Hee/a. As a general statement, the border of both wings is 

 relatively much less produced in E/is than in Meadii. In the shape of 

 the border of primary, Elis differs from Meadii definitely, though 

 slightly, but its difference from Hecia is emphatic and essential. A more 

 detailed comparison between Elis, Meadii and Hecla may be attempted 

 later, with a more ample material of Meadii for inspection. At present 

 it may safely be said that Elis is on upper surface partly near Meadii, and 

 in part more like Hecla ; that its resemblance to Hecla is comparatively 

 superficial, while in essentials it is nearer Meadii, yet is not quite identi- 

 cal in the method of its pattern. On under side the differences between 

 Elis and Meadii are not definite, nor very considerable. The cell-spot 

 above primary is uniformly small, often sub-linear, and in six of the 

 twenty-nine it is almost obsolete. Under hind wing the cell-spot is also 

 small, but in five of the twenty-nine specimens it is faintly double. The 

 presence of submarginal dark spots on under surface is scarcely to be 

 called a feature of Elis, though slight traces of this submarginal row occur 

 in twelve of the specimens. The same is true as to the " patch," or 

 cluster of dark scales, found on costa beneath secondaries in many 

 species of Colias ; in Elis it is but feebly exhibited, traces of it being 

 found in only seven of the twenty-nine males. Details of this kind do not 

 constitute very interesting reading, but they are important. Such features 

 as the cell-spots of both surfaces, the submarginal row of spots, and the 

 costal " patch " on under side, and the nature of the marginal border on 

 upper surface of wings, — when their averages in the several Colias forms 

 have been fully collated from ample representative material of both flown 

 and bred specimens — will prove to be efficient criteria in determining the 

 standing of these forms. 



(To be continued.) 



