108 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



12, Calocampmi, only Lithophane (Xylina), Lithomia, Calocampa and 

 Xylomigis ; 13, Cleophaniiii^ only Cleophana. I regard NydopJueata as 

 a Heliothid ; 14, Cuculliini ; 15, Eurhipiini; 16, Iitguri?ii^; ly, Ano- 

 miinz*; iS, Lzfoprosophii*; 19, Calpini ; 20, Stiriini; 21, Fltisiini; 22, 

 Heliothini ; 23, Tarachini ; 24, Cerathosiini ; 25, Eiistrotiini ; 26, 

 Hyblceini. 



There remain to be considered the geometriform Nodnidce, or the 

 Catocalince (Noctuce fasciatce), the pyralidiform Nocttcidce., or the Z?^/- 

 toidiiice and a small sub-family group, the Brep/iince, containing only two 

 genera, with few species, found in northern latitudes and elevations over 

 Europe, Siberia and North America, a relic of a preglacial fauna. The 

 genera are Brephos and Leucobrephos. 



As may be drawn from the above names applied to the leading groups, 

 the Noctuidce are a large family, with various resemblances to the sur- 

 rounding families of moths. The Owlet moths touch the Spinners, the 

 Spanner and Sparkler moths, while the typical Noctuince, from their total 

 form and embryology, bring the whole family, in a linear arrangement, 

 between the two first. In number of species and structural variation the 

 Noctuidce yield to no other in interest, and its large representation in 

 North America commends it to the attention of the student. For the 

 student I have at least originally shown the way his studies in this group 

 should be carried on. The matters of detail have not always seemed so 

 important to me as the method, and this method I have originally intro- 

 duced into the study, combining my reading with observations under the 

 microscope. There is growing up a tendency, especially in Europe, where 

 the living material is wanting, to engage in a sort of book working of 

 nature. The new student constructs, out of the writings and pictures of 

 others, some new turn to our views of life and variation, fancying even 

 that Darwin may be damaged by such methods. It is vanity displayed 

 in vain. 



Sub-family Catocaii?tce. 



The earliest recognition of this group which I find in literature is that 

 of Borkhausen, who calls this Noctuce fasciatce, in contradistinction to the 

 Noctuince, or Noctuce nonfasciatce. These terms are clumsy and had 

 better give way to those proposed by Packard (Proc. P. S. N. H., Vol. I., 

 153, et seq.). The wings are broad; primaries triangulate; secondaries 



