THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 51 



dark patch on each side of the body commencing on segment 4 (I do not 

 count the head) and bordered above the abdominal feet with pinkish ; 

 anal segment prolonged. Similar anal prolongations occur in the larvae 

 of other genera of this sub-family, and a resemblance to Cerura, where 

 it is furcate, throws light on the relationship of these moths. In resting, 

 the terminal segment is slightly elevated. A fleshy protuberance on the 

 dorsal line on third segment. Pupation in a light, close web of pale brown 

 silk, between the leaves (July 6-8). Coloration protectional, concealing 

 the larva as it rests on the stem of the leaf. The spotting of the " tail " 

 with pale is part of the protective coloration. After three weeks in the 

 pupa the moth appears. Now that the whole history of Dryopteris is 

 known, it is seen that in the structure of the larva and its habit it closely 

 agrees with the other genera of the sub-family. It is probably double- 

 brooded, the pupae of the second brood hibernating. An ally of this 

 genus is described by Walker from Japan ; whether the genera are distinct 

 I cannot say. Walker does not even compare them, calling our moth a 

 D?-cpana, while Herrich-Schaeffer calls it a Cilix. We have two species 

 of Dj-yopteris ; the larva of the second, irrorata Pack., is unknown to me. 

 In the few descriptions of larvae which I have drawn up, I commence 

 the numerical series with the first prothoracic segment ; it seems to me 

 quite wrong to commence with the head, which must be described sep- 

 arately. Thorax 1-3; abdomen 4-12. 



2. Anisota stigma Fab. 



The larvae on oak in July are in their last stage, light leather brown, a 

 subdorsal row of stout black spinules, an infra-stigmal series all com- 

 mencing on segment 2, which is provided with a pair of long black spines 

 curved backwards ; the skin is dotted over with white, especially on the 

 segments anteriorly and beneath ; a dorsal series of spinules, of which the 

 one on 12 is stoutest; two on anal segment. There is a fore and aft 

 symmetry in the disposition of these spinules, which must be looked upon 

 as defensive in their nature. This caterpillar differs generically from that 

 of Sphingicampa bicoior and S. bisecta. There is no doubt that we have 

 two genera, but whether this last genus should not be called Adelocephala 

 of Boisd., I cannot decide without South American types to compare. 

 Enters the ground to pupate ; a resemblance can be shown between all 

 these larvae, Citheronia, Eacies, Anisota, a progressive development of the 



