52 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



spinules into fleshy horns ; by the development of the twelfth segment 

 and its spine, an approach to the Sphingidce is signalized, which the form 

 of the moth somewhat confirms no less than the mode of pupation. I do 

 not regard the Sphingidce. as related either to Cossus or Hepialus, but to 

 the Ceratocampians ( Satumiadce in part) and Notodontijice. As we 

 shall see further on, there is a succession of development of the spines 

 from Dryocampa., where they are merely present anteriorly and posteri- 

 ority and the body is naked, to Citheronia, where they are fleshy, long, 

 exaggerated and complicated. I have not at this writing all the necessary 

 material before me, but I have been interested in describing and figuring 

 the simplest forms in this group of larvae, and in showing that there is so 

 great a difference and development of larval armature within this one 

 group that we may use it as a guide in arranging the genera, of which 

 Eacles would seem to be the highest in the series. 



3. Anisota virginietisis Drury. 



Already, as in the moth, the larva shows an approach to Dryocampa 

 by the lessening of the armature. Taken on oak at the same time, this 

 larva has the infra-stigmatal line of spinules weaker, as also the sub-dorsal 

 series which rest on the reddish sub-dorsal stripe. The anal spinule of 

 the dorsal series is shorter than in^. stigma, a.nd this is true of the weaker 

 thoracic horns, which are more bent and arise with a greater slope for- 

 wards. The color is obscure greenish, mottled with black ; an infra- 

 stigmatal reddish stripe. Stigmata distinct, much as in D. siigtna. The 

 anal segment has but one small spinule. Enters the ground to pupate. 



4. Dryocampa rubicunda Fabr. 



Larva light green, with longitudinal stripes of a darker shade. The 

 spinules have disappeared and this is evidently the lowest form in the 

 group, the larva commencing to look like that of some of the lower moths. 

 The black horns on segment 2 are retained, as also dorsal spinules on 11 

 and 1 2 ; a pink stripe laterally, the head is discolorous ; the stigmata con- 

 colorous and concealed, not prominent and discolorous as in Anisota. 

 But the narrower larva is otherwise quite similar. Enters the ground to 

 pupate. On oak, maple, and a number of trees. I regret not to know 

 the larva of var. alba Grotc, which would be interesting to compare. As 

 the variety is common, it will doubtless soon be described. Hiibner, with 

 an eye for the general appearance and structure of moths, calls this group 



