THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 20 



o 



furnished with continuous rows of spines or smooth lenticular 

 warts, or with discontinuous rows of fleshy tubercles, or with short 

 pile ; in the last case either the head is tuberculate or the last 

 abdominal segment is furcate, or both. Chrysalis generally angu- 

 late, often strongly angulate, or if rounded, with shouldered promi- 

 nences. It always hangs in a reversed position by its tail alone, 

 except in the rare case of a few Satyrinse, which are rounded, 

 without special prominences, have no cremastral hooks, and un- 

 dergo their changes in a crevice or a cell in the ground. Fam. I. — 

 Nymphalidce. 



2. Imago. — Clypeus occupying but little more than the face 

 and separated from the epicranium by a slight suture between the 

 antennge. Bases of antennae inserted in distinct sockets, which 

 either clearly infringe on the inner edge of the eye, or are open 

 next that edge. Prothoracic lobes minute, generally appressed to 

 a mere lamina. Wings with the outer margin generally entire, 

 especially in the fore wing, but the hind wing often tailed ; fore 

 wings with only one inferior subcostal nervule arising at the ex- 

 tremity of the cell ; inner margin of hind wings generally but not 

 always embracing the abdomen. Hexapod, the front legs being 

 employed in walking, and not atrophied excepting in some males 

 (Lycaenidee, esp. Erycininse), where they are partially atrophied, and 

 sometimes have the tarsi reduced to a single unarmed joint. Egg 

 either smooth, or else reticulate (and then tiarate or hemispherical), 

 or else vertically ribbed (and then greatly elongated, nearly or 

 quite twice as high as broad). Larva at birth. — Head always 

 smaller or no larger than the thoracic segments and usually smooth ; 

 when of the same size, either the corneous portion of the crown is 

 partially covered by the integument of the first thoracic segment, 

 or the body is furnished with very long or very short hairs, almost 

 all of which are clubbed at the tip. Mature larva cylindrical, or 

 anteriorly enlarged, or onisciform. Head usually held in an 

 oblique position, generally small, contractile and not free. Body 

 never furnished with spines, but either naked, or furnished with 

 discontinuous rows of tubercles (in which case the head is always 

 smaller than the succeeding segments), or with short pile (when 

 the head is uniform and the last abdominal segment entire), or with 

 fascicles of longer hairs. Chrysalis angulate or rounded, often 



