126 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



upper side turns dead white, except that here and there a faint bit of red 

 or dusky black is seen. When the skin splits it is on 3, the rent extending 

 to 2 and 4, and it is shifted off just as in Grapta. At first the pupa is 

 unformed, but the wing cases creep up one segment, the dorsum becomes 

 hunched, and the head case and mesonotum swell out as in Limenitis. 

 Every one of these chrysalids finally took a twist to one side, bending on 

 the last segments instead of hanging straight down, as is usual with the 

 species of Nymphalidse known to me. 



The curious differences in color of the chrysalids I have noted in the 

 description. Later in the season by four months, I received about forty 

 chrysalids from Prof. Gibbes, from S. Carolina, which varied in same man- 

 ner as the Texan examples, but the dark varieties much predominated. 



On two occasions single examples of Vanillae have been taken here at 

 Coalburgh, but it cannot be a permanent resident. It abounds in the 

 Southern States, where brood after brood must follow from early in the 

 season till late in the fall. Fortunately it seems in the larval state to feed 

 on nothing but Passiflora, or it might become a pest. 



Abbot figured this species in Insects of Georgia, with larva and chry- 

 salis. The larval body bears considerable resemblance to nature, but the 

 spines look like feathers ; they are red, moreover, instead of black. The 

 shape of the chrysalis is good, but the color is not like any which I have 

 seen, being dark brown instead of black. 



FUNGOID DISEASES OF INSECTS :— A RECLAMATION. 



BY JOHN L. LECONTE, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 



The following extract is from the American Entomologist, vol. hi., p. 

 138 (June, 1S80) : 



" . . . . in which article, by the way, may be found the first 

 " suggestion that we are aware of in this country, of the practical utili- 

 " zation of fungus diseases, so that Walsh really anticipated LeConte in 

 " this suggestion." 



The article of the late B. D. Walsh referred to (Practical Entomologist, 

 ii., p. 116, Aug., 1867) contains this passage in reference to a gigantic 



