THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST 127 



ceased to appear, instead of during the shorter and more definite period common 

 to all the other species of Bombiis. Terricola has the tip of the al)domen tawny" 

 like many terrestris forms. In lucorum forms, however, tliis remains always 

 white. Terricola, however, has a much wider yellow band on the abdomen 

 than any Old World form of terrestris. In this respect it converges towards 

 other species of Bombus found within its region, fervidus, bnrealis, etc., Terricola 

 has the coat much shorter than terrestris. It is also smaller, average length of 

 female terricola 18 mm., female terrestris, from Dover, 20 mm. 



B. terricola is repUiced in the Mountains and on the Pacific 

 coast by the closely related occidentalis, a somewhat longer-coated species. I 

 do not think that terricola and occidentalis intergrade because I have taken 

 both forms at Banff, Alta. 



Bombus lucorum L. 



Bombus lucorum, above mentioned, is, in Britain and Europe, a small 

 mountain or northern form with a rather long coat. B. moderatiis Cr. a species 

 of the terrestris group with colour pattern the same as that of lucorum, is found 

 at Banff, Alta. and in Northern B. C, Yukon Territory, and Alaska. It un- 

 doubtedly is a lucorum form. It differs from lucorum only in the somewhat 

 paler tint of its yellow bands. In this respect, it not only follows appositus of 

 the same region, but approaches albocinctus Sm. the lucorum form found in Kam- 

 chatka, Siberia, which has these bands white. 



Bom^bus lapponicus Fab. 



Franklin notes the close relation between Bombus melanopygus Nyl., a 

 very long-haired, red-banded species, common in the Mountains and Pacific 

 Coast region and Bombus lapponicus Zett. a species found on the high moors of 

 the north of England and Scotland and in arctic and sub-arctic Europe. Sylvicola 

 Kirby, from Arctic Canada, of which melanopygus is probably a variety, seems 

 identical with lapponicus. 



Psithyrus vestalis Fourc. 



Bombus terrestris is preyed upon in England by Psithyrus vestalis Fourc. 

 A vestalis form known as ashtoni Cr. is found throughout the range of B. terricola 

 and is probably parasitic on it. Ashtoni is smaller than vestalis and has a shorter 

 and paler coat. 



Apis mellifera L. 



The variety of honey-bee native to Britain has an entirely black tegument, 

 dark brown hair and feebly-developed white felt bands on the margins of the 

 segments. This variety is native to the w^hole of Western Europe, and it has 

 been introduced into and has spread through Canada during the last two or 

 three hundred years. It still predominates in the Gulf Region, in the north, 

 and on the Pacific Coast. But in Southern Ontario and on the Prairie, it has 

 been largely replaced by the Italian bee, introduced about fifty years ago from 

 Southern Europe, which has the tegument of the abdomen banded with orange, 

 has paler hair and well-developed white felt bands. This bee is also slightly 

 smaller than the black bee. The honey-bees of the Prairie show great con- 

 stancy in the strong development of the white felt bands. 



CONCLUSIONS. 



1. The bee fauna of the boreal zone of America contains a number of 

 species closely related to, and in some cases indistinguishable from those in 



