234 . THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



14th, 7 more, from 15 to 24 hours old ; on 17th, two at 12 and 24 hours, 

 in all 19 chrysalids. These were left till July 13th, or from 26 to 30 days. 

 But three survived the exposure, one of which (F) gave $ 23rd June 

 (chrysalis on ice 26 days). This example was in some respects more 

 changed than either of those before mentioned. One hind wing was 

 smaller than the other, and was free from all fulvous above ; the other had 

 the fulvous restricted to a narrow band on disk, with a row of minute 

 spots posterior to it ; the fulvous on the disks of each fore wing was also 

 reduced to a narrow band. Beneath, the colors of fore wings were all 

 dull, the black changed to brown ; the submarginal buff spots were much 

 enlarged and extended quite across the wing ; the smaller hind wing, 

 which had lost color on upper side, had no fulvous or buff on the outer 

 half, but the discal buff band was present, though greatly narrowed, and 

 nearly obsolete. The other wing had the discal band narrowed but dis- 

 tinct, the spots which constitute it separated instead of confluent, and the 

 small spots outside the black lines which cut this band are entirely want- 

 ing ; but the two spots of this band next costa were lengthened and con- 

 fluent with the submarginal buff spots ; also the fulvous ocelli which go to 

 make the third band from the margin are nearly obliterated. The other 

 two butterflies which came from this lot of chrysalids, one at 28, one at 

 29 days, were both cripples, the wings twisted, but as they were expanded 

 to nearly full size, it can be seen that they are greatly altered, the colors 

 more or less suffused, and the markings indefinite. As I have indicated, 

 16 out of the 19 chrysalids of this lot were killed outright, and no doubt 

 by the length of the exposure to so severe a degree of cold ; two emerged 

 cripples, and the other partly crippled, one wing being affected. 



But several of the chrysalids experimented with were not affected, viz., 

 4 at 6 hours old, for 9 days, i at 6 hours old, for 10 days. These all gave 

 butterflies in no way differing from those not iced. 



Thus it appears that 



I chrysalis, 5 hours from pupation, exposed 18 days, 



I 11 14 II II I' I' 18 n 



were much changed, the fulvous area in one. A, restricted on upper side, 

 and both have the colors considerably suffused on under side. 

 I chrysalis, 18 hours old, exposed 9 days, 



2 " 24 II tl M 9 IT 



were much changed, but in a different way from those first mentioned, 



