188 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



valve in the Noctuidae, while perhaps not absolutely identical with the 

 Harpe as defined by Gosse, and which is typical in Papilionidse and 

 Sphingidae, can, in our opinion, be designated by the same term, without 

 ' risk of confusion \ whether the term could be safely employed for the 

 ''basal process" of Scudder, as seen in many Hespei'idce^ is rather 

 doubtful. 



Pierce has applied various terms to the different portions of the valve 

 and its armature ; these may be retained, but must probably be restricted 

 in their use to the Noctuidae, owing to the difficulty of applying them 

 correctly in the other lepidopterous families. We would refer readers to 

 the work in question for a full list of these terms. 



Pierce's use of Uncus and Scaphium appears to be correct ; he is 

 wrong, however, in stating that the anal opening is ventral to the 

 Scaphium ; as shown by Zander it clearly passes between these two 

 appendages of the XIII segment. The Siibscaphiwn of Pierce, defined as 

 a similar process to the Scaphium, but below the anus, is probably but a 

 portion of the latter. 



The Ringwall of Zander is \.txxx\t^ Jtcxta by Pierce; like most other 

 authors he has fallen into the error of considering the blind pouch con- 

 taining the retractory muscle to be the end of the Penis, which thus 

 appears to receive the seminal duct through a lateral opening. His 

 JEdoeagiis is but the strongly chitinized distal end of the Penis proper, 

 and his Vesica the Ductus ejaculatorius which, as previously stated, is 

 eversible. 



In conclusion, we summarize the results of the above paper, and 

 present the following list of terms for the more important portions, which 

 we would recommend for general use : 



Valves or Clasps. — ( = Harpes of Smith and Pierce). The two lateral 



outer appendages, 

 Harpe. — ( = Clasper of Smith and Pierce). Inner hook-like armature of 



Valve, arising from or near base of same. 

 Uncus. — Hook-like dorsal appendage of XIII segment. 

 Scaphium. — Process arising immediately ventral to Uncus and anal 



opening. 

 Rifig-wall, Penis funnel or Juxta. — Chitinous cone at the base of the 



valves from which the Penis protrudes. 

 Fenis.^h. strongly chitinized rod-like structure projecting from the Penis 



funnel. (This is strictly speaking only the distal end of the organ, 



but for descriptive purposes all that need be considered). 



