THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 199 



Arsenite of lime, arsenite of soda, and arsenate of lead are now 

 recommended in preference to Paris Green. They are much cheaper and 

 more effi?ctive, since they mix readily in water or Bordeaux iVIixture. 



In the matter of orchard practice the Arsenic Compounds should 

 always be used along with Bordeaux Mixture, to form a combined fungi- 

 cide and insecticide against both the Apple Scab and the Codling worm. 

 In small orchards a good hand-power spray-pump is all that is needed to 

 apply the solutions, but in large orchards "power-sprayers" are strongly 

 recommended. The high pressure which is developed allows the use of 

 two lines of hose operating 8 to 12 nozzles. With such an outfit the time 

 required to spray even a very large orchard is reduced to a minimum. 

 Besides, the fineness of the spray leads to more effective work. 



The presence of the San Jose Scale, the Grape Rots, the Apple Scab 

 and the Plum Rot in the fruit-regions of Ontario has compelled our fruit- 

 growers to spray. As business men they have been forced into" the use of 

 power-sprayers, and this year has witnessed the introduction of the power- 

 sprayer, with the abandonment of the hand-power outfit as a " back 

 number." 



As an aid to spraying for the control of the Codling Moth, bandirlg 

 of trees is still practised in many sections. Although this method is quite 

 effective when it is properly looked after, it is worse than useless — it is 

 actually harmful — when the bands are not examined regularly every ten 

 days through June and July for cocoons. Moreover, banding is an 

 expensive treatment when the time required for the fixing of the bands in 

 place, and their examination every ten days, is taken into consideration. 

 It might be preferable to give an additional spraying instead. 



There are some remedies which are of little or no value. Simpson 

 places the following remedies in this class : Moth balls hung up in trees; 

 smudging with ill-smelling compounds; plugging the trees with sulphur; 

 plugging the roots with calomel; trap-lanterns; and baiting the moths with 

 vinegar and molasses. 



The fruit-grower is aided greatly in his struggle with the Codling 

 Moth by several friends. Our birds especially are great helpers. The 

 Chickadee, the Downy Woodpecker, Nuthatch, Bluebird, Swallows, Spar- 

 rows, and Wren,_are all valuable, and their presence in the orchard is very 

 desirable. 



There are also several minute insects which prey upon the Codlmg 

 Moth. 



