THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 81 



THE COLEOPTERA OF CANADA. 



BY H. F. WICKHAM, IOWA CITY, IOWA. 



XXII. The Cerambycid/e of Ontario and Quebec. 



The size and beauty of the Longhorns are in tliemselves sufficient to 

 render them objects of interest to a beginner ; adding to this the fact of 

 the great abundance of certain species and the destructive work of their 

 larva;, we can readily understand their importance to all who are in any 

 way interested in Entomology, whether as a pleasant recreation for leisure 

 hours or a serious pursuit for gain. Although usually easily recognized 

 by sight, the family is, as stated by Dr. Leconte, almost impossible to 

 define. The tarsi are apparently four-jointed, the fourth joint being very 

 small and connate with the fifth. The antennae are usually very long, 

 especially in the males, filiform or seriate, often borne on large frontal 

 tubercles. The eyes are frequently deeply emarginate. Tibial spurs are 

 present. The larvce are grub-like, living in burrows or chambers which 

 they excavate for themselves in the woody tissues or in the pith of plants, 

 the pupa resting in a cell constructed by the larva in its gallery. 



The collector will obtain many species of this family by carefully 

 beating branches (especially if partially dead) and flowers, over a sheet 

 or an umbrella. Dead logs should be searched, on both the upper and 

 lower surfaces, and particularly freshly-cut timber or sawed lumber. A 

 morning spent in a wood yard will often repay one richly in rare speci- 

 mens. Some are to be found commonly under bark and may be trapped 

 by loosely fastening pieces of bark to a tree over night and examining the 

 under side of bark in the morning. A great number fly to lights after 

 dusk. Dead twigs and branches may be sawed or cut off, preferably 

 during the autumn months, and kept in large boxes or in an empty room 

 until the beetles are disclosed through the development of the larvns 

 contained therein. While the activity of the Canadian collectors has 

 already resulted in the recording of a great number of species, there can 

 be no doubt that others will reward the efforts of explorers of the more 

 remote districts. 



Although mostly of at least moderate size, and after once identified 

 easily recognized again, their classification presents considerable trouble 

 owing to the fact that structural characters are so unstable and conse- 

 quently of less than usual value for the separation of large groups. In 

 the main, the arrangement adopted is that presented in the Leconte and 



