THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



acid not diluted. The committee came to this conclusion : that manures, 

 especially those rich in potash and nitrogenous substances, benefitted the 

 affected vines. 



The trials were continued in 1874 on the thirty-three squares already 

 improved, one-quarter of each being left to see if the improvement was 

 permanent. The total number of experiments made was two hundred 

 and fifty-nine, extending over two and one-half hectares. The squares 

 which were benefitted in 1872 and 1873 have in some cases this year 

 almost returned to their original vigor, but the Phylloxera has not 

 disappeared. 



As regards the fruit, the following treatment has given the best results : 

 1, Yard-dung, wood-ashes, and sal ammoniac. 2, Yard-dung, wood-ashes 

 and fat lime. 3, Cow-urine and fish oil. 4, Cow-urine alone. 5, Oil- 

 cake. 6, Potassium sulphate and urine. 7, Cow-urine and gas-tar. 8, 

 Soot. 9, Sulphur, salt of Berre, ferric sulphate and colza cake. The 

 vines surrounding the squares treated were also visibly affected. 



The experience of 1874 confirms and completes the results of 1872 

 and 1873, showing a diseased vine may at least temporarily be restored to 

 vigor by energetic treatment. The commission considers itself justified 

 in asserting that manures, rich in potash and nitrogen, mixed with alkaline 

 or earthy sulphates, refuse of salt-works, soot, wood-ashes, ammonia, or 

 fat lime, have increased the productiveness of the vines and allowed the 

 fruit to ripen. 



According to M. Mares the vine-disease is the result of combined 

 causes, and subject to several conditions, viz.: 1. The nature of the 

 soil, as it effects the vine and the insect, frequently a determining con- 

 dition. 2. The influence of climate on the vine, and also whether or not 

 it favors the extension of the insect 3. The strength or vigor of growth 

 of the vine itself, which varies according to the variety and mode of cul- 

 ture. The wild vine does not perish ; the stock nearest approaching it is 

 hardly attacked. 



M. Laliman spoke next, affirming that rooted American cuttings had 

 been cultivated in localities where the Phylloxera had as yet failed to 

 appear, either on the American or native stocks. 



M. Planchon then discussed the American vines, dividing them into 

 three principal groups: 1. The Labrusca ; berries with foxy taste. 2. 

 CEstivalis ; berries small ; leaves deeply indented ; wooly on the veins. 

 3. Cordifolia, of which the Clinton is a variety ; leaves smooth, berries 



