THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 65 



Buckler figures what is called the third moult, and again the fourth 

 moult. But, as I have said, my larva?, in both years, passed three moults 

 only. From the size of the figures I should say that both represented the 

 same stage, one just after third moult, the other at maturity. Nothing is 

 said of moults in the text. The young larva is described, then at length of 

 2.5 mm., and the mature larva at 30 mm. Mr. Hellins agrees with West- 

 wood that the colour is variable, being buff, but sometimes green. All 

 my larvae were buff. It is stated that the larva " becomes full fed in 

 June, and changes to pupa without suspending itself in any way, or 

 making a cocoon," and the author adds, '• I think it " (in natural state) 

 " would hide itself, as my example did. I found they had got among the 

 thick moss with which i had furnished the bottom of their cage, and 

 apparently made little hollows for themselves by turning round." The 

 pupa is described at length, but the curious " thoracic spiracle protector " 

 is passed over so slightly that one would not suspect the nature or form 

 of it' merely saying, " the pair of spiracles at the shoulders large and dark 

 brown." * 



The pupa which 1 had in 1S87 was sent to Mr. Scudder, with no inti- 

 mation of the species or its history, and he was asked what he thought it 

 might be. His reply was : " The pupa you send seems very like one of 

 the larger skippers, but I do not see any enlargement of the antennal tips, 

 and think it must be a moth. The 'ear-like ' projections are the thoracic 

 spiracle protectors, which are entirely like this in Tityrns.'" As before 

 said, Eudamus Lycidas pupa has the same sort of process. 



I bred Erebia Epipsodea to imago in 18S8, and found that here also 

 the pupa was unattached. The end of the cremaster has a few short, 

 straight bristles, both fewer and shortei than those of Galathea. Mr. 

 Fyles bred C. jutta, and it pupated down in the moss, unattached. Mr. 

 Scudder has described the mode of pupating of C. semidea, also down in 

 the moss or among rocks, unattached, and neither of these have any 

 bristles at all on the cremaster. This species is also described as curling 

 up in a ring. C. chryxiis, which I bred to pupa last year, is without 

 bristles. It behaved like Galathea, i)upating in the sod. Buckler figures 



* The accompanying plate shows the \a.x\?i.o[ Galathea, Fig. i, copied from Buckler; 

 Fig. 2 shows the attitude on the sod when near pupation ; 3 and 4, the pupa ; 5 and 6, 

 the last segment and cremaster, dorsal and side view, with the group of terminal bristles ; 

 7, the single bristle ; 8, the thoracic spiracle protector. 



