THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



ground in shades of buft' instead of yellow, the cloud and patches brown 

 instead of ferruginous ; sometimes the discal patch large, triangular and 

 occupying a large part of the basal area ; or in the form of an oblong band 

 extending from middle of the wing to the inner margin, and met by a similar 

 band filling the cell. C passes by grades into D. The fourth, D, has the 

 ground color rcddish-ochreous, the lines ferruginous, as also the extra discal 

 points ; the cloud and both patches pale brown, often a mere wash of 

 color ; on the fore wings the black spots are reduced and very pale, and 

 the margin is pale fulvous and reddish-ochraceous. Of this type are the 

 northern examples mostly; but in the Catskills and White Mountains, and 

 in West Virginia, the red tint is less decided and the cloud and patches 

 deeper colored. 



And this variety D gradually shades into the summer form, particularly 

 in the male, so that many examples of- this sex cannot be distinguished 

 from many males of the summer form. There is not much variation in 

 these last, they being generally characterized by a restricted marginal 

 cloud, obsolete discal patch, and very small, if not obsolete, costal patch. 

 But the summer females are of two distinct types, one closely like the 

 male, and consequently also the male of var. D of the winter form ; the 

 other quite different from its male, characterized by large brown patches 

 on disk and costa, and a diffuse marginal cloud. This finds its counter- 

 part in the female of var. D, or at any rate agrees most nearly with it, the 

 peculiarities of the winter form being exaggerated in the summer. 



Of these varieties, A is rare, and has appeared in none of the butterflies 

 bred by me. I have occasionally taken it on the wing at Coalburgh, and 

 in the Catskills. Var. B is common in W. Va., and nearly all the females 

 taken in the spring are of '' '5 type ; in the other sex it is rather rare, most 

 of the examples being of var. C. Through the South also as far as 

 Texas, beyond which I have not. followed the species, var. B seems to be 

 the prevailing winter form. It becomes less abundant to the north of 

 Virginia, appearing but occasionally in the Catskills. At Albany, neither 

 Mr. Lintner or Mr. Meske ever met with it. 



Var. C is common in W. Va., in the male, and somewhat so in the 

 female. So also in N. Carolina, if I may judge by examples sent me by 

 Mr. Morrison. But I have not seen it from farther South, nor from Texas. 

 It is common in the Catskills, and is occasional even to the extreme 

 northern limit of the species. 



