54 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



has a stronger constitution in the males than in the females. As I read 

 your letter, it at once occurred to me whether in the spring there would not 

 appear some males which were not pure viarcia, but were of the summer 

 form, or nearly resembling it ; but when I reached the conclusion of your 

 letter I found that you especially mentioned that this was so ! And I was 

 reminded that the same thing is observable in V. levana, though in a less 

 striking degree. If we treated the summer brood of levatia with ice many 

 more females than males would revert to the winter form. This sex is 

 more conservative than the male — slower to change."] 



I am at a disadvantage with this paper not to be able to give colored 

 illustrations of the different forms of tha^vs, with the variations, as well 

 as figures of the allied species mentioned, but I propose to do so fully in 

 the Butterflies of North America. 



It is the female of the summer form, and that variety of it which dis- 

 plays the brown discal patch on the under side of the hind wings, that 

 Drury figured as ^/iaros, in 1770, and exceedingly well. In some notes 

 when the description of niarcia was given, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, vol. 2, 

 p. 207, I discredited tharos of Drury, but wrongly, and for the reason that 

 I had not seen the peculiar phase figured. It pleases me now to make 

 correction. My description of juarcia was based on the first three of the 

 varieties designated in this paper. The 4th, D, I then knew nothing of, 

 nor indeed should I ever have noticed it but for having bred it from 

 the egg. 



Cramer's thaws is stated to have come from New York, and reference 

 is made in the text to Drury. The figures are coarsely drawn and 

 rudely colored. Bois.-Lec. state this tharos to be identical with Drury's, 

 but in his Lep. de la Californie, Dr. Boisduval says it is another insect, and 

 he considers Drury's tharos not to be our Atlantic species, but a Gali- 

 fornian which he calls pulchella. I received the type of pulchdla from 

 Dr. Boisduval, and it proved to be 7>iy/itta Edw., a species by no means 

 so near tharos as is pratensis Behr, of California. Cocyta Cramer, ^ , fig. 

 A, B, pi. 1 01, is tharos $ of the summer form, and fig. C probably is 

 intended for female of same, but the text refers it to Surinam, and it is 

 given with a doubt as to whether it belongs to the male figured or not. 

 Mr. Scudder regards these as var. of tharos Drury. But Dr. Boisduval 

 makes it synonymous with morpheus Fab., and locates it in So. California. 

 And Mr. Butler, Cat. Fab. Lep., makes morpheus Fab. a syn. of liriope 

 Cramer, and refers it to Florida. And Mr. Scudder rejects liriope as N. 



