50 



THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



or the young larvcc die very early, because if they live, the fruit 

 almost always falls prematurely. The malformation is due to the 

 tissues immediately around the injured area not growing or growing 

 very slowly while the rest of the apple grows at the normal rate; 

 therefore a depression is produced at the affected part. There are 

 often several such depressions in a fruit. There is usually a scar 

 at the point of inj.ury. Uncultivated and neglected orchards and 

 those bordering on woods or thickets or waste places are regularly 

 much worse attacked than well cultivated and sprayed ones. 



Apple Curculio. This is also a snout-beetle. It is smaller 

 than the Plum Curculio, and has a longer and more slender snout. 



With this it eats deep 

 holes into the fruit for 

 feeding and egg-laying 

 purposes. As in the case 

 of the Plum Curculio, 

 apples usually drop 

 early if the larvae from 

 the eggs hatch and live; 

 otherwise they remain 

 on the tree, but are 

 deformed in the manner 

 shown in the photo- 

 graph. Note the regular 

 inverted, cone - shaped 

 outline of the depression 

 with the little hole at 

 the apex. This helps in 

 the identification of the 

 injury. Apple Curculios 

 are not very common in 

 most parts of Canada, but there are a few counties in which they 

 do much damage. 



Leaf- Bugs or Capsids. These insects have in recent years 

 been found to be the cause of a large number of deformed apples 

 in the Northern United States and in parts of Canada. At least 

 five species are now known to cause malformed apples, viz., Hetero- 



Fig. 1. — -The W3rk of th: Apple Curculio. Notic; 



the little holes at the bottom of thj punctures 



and the uniform inverted cd.t; type 



of the depression. 



