THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST 149 



most Other congeners. The colour is a pale pinkish hue, and with 

 the large size is productive of an individuality pronounced with 

 this species. Length, when full grown, 50 mm.; breadth, 7 mm. 



The gallery is abandoned for .pupation, dates Aug. 1 to 15; 

 emergence of forty specimens range Sept. 1 to 28. The pupa is 

 correspondingly robust, the anal extremity armed with two curved 

 hooks. Length 28, breadth 8 mm. 



The larval characters further accentuate the relationship with 

 inqiioesita and stenocelis. Like these species, the slightly enlarged 

 posterior spiracle indicates these larvae have had a super-abundance 

 of moisture to contend against, and is a modification that is yet 

 needed. 



Papaipema furcata Sm. 



The larva of this species seems to have been first encountered 

 by Mr. Jacob Doll in the vicinity of New York City, but the 

 general habitat is that of the central Mississippi valley. It bores 

 the terminal twigs of Ash, and an instance of economic record 

 against the species is cited by Prof. Washburn in his State Report 

 as entomologist of Minnesota for 1907-08. The mature larva is 

 there described, and a case of damage to nursery stock noted, with 

 suggested remedy for such chance occurrences. My own searchings 

 for this borer from Pittsburg, Pa., eastward have born negative 

 results. Recently the species has been found as a larva in some 

 numbers, by the Chicago collectors, particularly Messrs. A. Kwiat 

 and E. Beer, and I am indebted to the former for these further 

 details of the life history as well as a fine series of larval and per- 

 fect specimens. 



The larval period extends from May 15 to July 30, considering 

 early emergencies and tardy maturities. The soft, newly grown 

 tip is entered at the base of one of the terminal leaves and the 

 larva works in this portion for a short time. They then leave their 

 burrow here and go back and enter the harder, last season's growth, 

 usually a short distance below the point of the wintering bud. 

 Why they do not continue their first gallery down into the old 

 wood is not clear, for a considerable pith exists in both. However, 

 the move to a new burrow in harder wood seems very general. 



