174 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



reservoir. It has been better called the conductor emboli. The conductor 

 usually presents an elevated rim or edge along its length dividing two 

 commonly depressed areas or furrows, the upper one frequently raised 

 along its length or sometimes transversely into a series of parallel rugae. 

 Upon the upper edge of the lower furrow, opposite which is normally 

 during quiescence the embolus, is borne a variously-formed, but mostly 

 needle- or blade-like, strongly chitinized process or apophysis, which may 

 be termed the tenacuhim. There may be a second or third similar but 

 smaller accessory tenaculum. Other features of the conductor need not be 

 mentioned here. 



The large, strongly-arched basal division of the bulb, covering over most 

 of the h;ematodocha, is protected by a number of variously-formed 

 chitinous plates, which, together with other hard parts at the surface of the 

 palpal organ, were collectively termed the tegulum by Wagner. The 

 largest of these plates and the one covering over much of the lobe is the 

 basal plate. Proximad from this and sometimes concealed by its 

 protrusion backward, is a smaller plate covering over and protecting the 

 fundus of the semeniferous tube, the walls of the latter structure not being 

 themselves chitinized at and towards its enlarged end. This plate may 

 be spoken of as the lunate plate. It is usually in connection with a more 

 slender rod-like plate, which is joined by one end to the wall of the 

 alveolus, and which may be spoken of as \\\t petiolar rod ox petiole. 



Toward the middle or more often the anterior end of the basal 

 division of the bulb and either at the middle or toward the exterior side 

 is borne a conspicuous and often large, highly chitinized apophysis, which 

 is in large part plate- or blade-like, in form being thinner more or less 

 dorso-ventrally. The different position and structure of this apophysis, 

 which will be called the scopus, serve very readily to distinguish the genera 

 now under consideration, the differences being clear and well-marked. 

 About the base of the scopus in Pardosa and Lycosa is elevated a fold of 

 varying height, forming thus what may be spoken of as the scopal pit. 

 In some Lycosidce there is no trace of such a fold. 



In Pardosa the scopus occupies, without exception, a median position, 

 for the most part some distance back of the front margin of the lobe. It 

 is free for the greater part of its length, being attached only at its base. 

 The scopus bears a process or spur, which is always basal in position, and 

 which may be in part or as a whole concealed by the basal fold. The 

 basal fold in Pardosa, however, is comparatively low, covering but little 



