OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. 291 



marked, and the clavate-introrse stigmas help out the character. M. 

 vitifolia, Zucc, is the same as Malva umbellata, Cav. Ic. 95. 



nia from Monterey southward near the coast, and extends into Arizona and S. 

 Utah. Passes into var. laxiflouum, with somewhat loosely paniculate flowers, 

 which is M. splendidum, Kellogg, Proc. Am. Acad. i. 65; Brewer & Watson, Bot. 

 Calif. 185, where wrong carpels are described by an accident. 



■^ ++ Herbaceous, low, with pedately parted or dissected leaves : carpels round- 

 reniform, tomentulose-pubescent, rugose-reticulated, tardily and incompletely 

 dehiscent : petals copper-red. 



M. cocciNEUM, Gray, PI. Fendl. 21, 24 (partly), PI. Wright, i. 17 (with var. 

 DissECTUM, Sicla dissecta, Nutt , which is only a most narrow-leaved form), & 

 Gen. 111. ii. t. 121. The most eastward species, extending even to Iowa. 



SPH.<ERALCEA, St. Hil. char. auct. 



According to the view now adopted, the following are the North American 

 species. Some of them are not easy to be defined and probably run together. 



* Malvastriform species, with more or less depressed fruit : carpels 1-2-ovulate, 

 the upper ovule when present abortive or seldom maturing, at maturity more 

 or less reniform, at length directly deciduous from the axis (no retaining 

 tliread) : lower and commonly only seminiferous portion strongly and firmly 

 reticulated over the thin or diaphanous sides ; upper and usually empty part 

 smooth and commonly thin, bivalvular or introrse-dehiscent from the top : 

 perennial herbs, except perhaps the first species, which is indeed ambiguous 

 between this and the preceding genus. 

 ■1- Root simple, perhaps a winter annual : mature carpel with the scarious empty 

 summit short and inflexed, thus round-reniform in outline : petals orange- 

 scarlet : stellular pubescence rather loose : leaves roundish-subcordate, 

 slightly or moderately lobed and incised. 



S. CocLTERi. S. Fendleri, partly, Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 29. Malvastrum 

 Coulteri, Watson, Proc. Am. Acad. xi. 125, & Bot. Calit. i. 85, but no internal pro- 

 jection in carpel detected. W. Arizona, first coll. by Coulter, then by Schott, 

 Lemmon, &c. I collected it at Maricopa in the early spring of 18G5. 



-t- -t- Perennials, mostly lignescent-rooted : carpels less reniform ; the smooth 

 upper half or more being moderately incurved or erect. 



++ Leaves all or mainly palmately or pedately parted : mature carpels very 

 blunt : petals brick-red or orange-scarlet : species with great resemblance to 

 Malvastrum coccineum. 



S. PEDATiFiDA, Gray. Malvastrum pedati'jidum, Gray, PI. Lindh. ii. 160, & PI. 

 Wright, i. 17, ii. 20. iSidalcea Atacosa, Buckley, Proc. Acad. Philad. On the 

 Ilio Grande from El Paso downward, also San Antonio, Texas. 



S. PEDATA, Torr. in PI. Wright, i. 17, name only. Sida grossularia^folia, Hook. 

 & Am. Bot. Beech. 326, therefore Malvastrum grosstdaricefolium, Gray, PI. Fendl. 

 21. M. coccineum, Gray. PI. Fendl. 21, partly (no. 21 Fendler), & PI. Wright, i. 16. 

 M. coccineum, var. (jrossulario'foUum (and some Sphceralcea Emoryi), Watson, Bot. 

 King Exp. 47. Malva Creeana, Graham in Bot. Mag. t. 3698, probably came from 

 this, perhaps is a hybrid. Extends from W. Texas to S. Arizona and N. W. 



