132 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY 



Section XII. PHYSOCEPHALiE. Spike one, globular or 

 short-oblong, staminate at the apex ; perigynium straw-colored, paper- 

 like, more or less inflated ; stigmas three. — Aside from the three 

 species which follow, the section is represented in the Caucasus by the 

 remarkable G. physodes, Bieb. 



222. Carex Fraseri, Andrews, Bot. Rep. t. 639. 

 C. Fraseriana, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. lo91. 

 Mapania sylvatica, Pursh, Fl. i. 47. 



C. lagopus, Muhl. Descr. Gram. 265. 

 A rare and remarkable plant, bearing little general resemblance to 

 the next two, though agreeing with them in general characters of 

 hiflorescence and perigynium. A rliacheola is often found within the 

 perigynium. Named for John Fraser, 1750-1811, an ardent English 

 botanist who visited America three times, in his last expedition dis- 

 covering this singular Carex. — Near Wytheville, Virginia, Sliriver ; 

 Little Doe River near Roan Mt., Tennessee, Dr. Gray; near Morgan 

 Town and Table Mt., Fraser in 1808, and Grandfather Mt., Gray et al, 

 N. Carolina. 



223. Carex Breweri, Boott, 111. 142, t. 455. 



Culm three to ten inches higli, obtusely angled, rigid, smooth, ex- 

 ceeding the filiform stiff leaves : spike a half inch to an inch long, 

 ovate or globular, the pistillate portion more conspicuous: perigynium 

 bladder-like, about as broad as long, exceeding the scale. — Calilbrnia 

 in the Sierras, Mt. Shasta, Brewer, Pringle, et al., Mt. Dana, Bolander, 

 Lassen's Peak, Brewer ; Oregon, Hall, Mt. Hood, Henderson. 



224. Carex Engelmanni. 



Culms slender but erect, four to six inches high, about the length 

 of the numerous very slender bristle-like leaves : spike small, nearly 

 globular, two to three lines broad, the staminate flowers inconspicuous : 

 perigynium lanceolate, about two lines long, very delicate in texture, 

 flat, somewhat shining, nerveless, the long apex empty, the beak entire 

 or nearly so, about the length of the thin brown acute scale. — Alpine 

 slopes, Colorado, 1874, Dr. George Engelmann^ probably near Colorado 

 Springs. 



SUBGENUS II. VIGNEyE, Koch, Syl. Fl. Germ. 748. Vignea, 

 Beauvois, Lestib. Fam. Cyper. Staminate flowers few and incon- 

 spicuous, borne at the base or apex of the pistillate spikes. Pistillate 

 flowers in short and sessile spikes (or spike single in some cases), which 

 are commonly more or less aggregated into heads or even panicled. 

 Cross-section of the perigynium plano-convex in outline. Styles two 



