134: PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY 



confixa. Meyer's G. congesta from Kamtschatka, referred here by 

 Dr. Boott, has staminate flowers at the base of the spikes, and is to be 

 referred to C. f estiva. C. Hoodii is probably the same as C. antheri- 

 coides, Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 204, an older species. 



B. Vulpince, Kuntli, Enum. Plant, ii. 383 ; Nym. Consp. Fl. Eur. 781. ( VuJpinoi- 

 de(t, Kunth, 1. c. 381. Muricatce, Fries, Summa, 73, in part.) Spikes mostly 

 yellow or tawny when mature, densely aggregated or sometimes somewhat 

 scattered below or even panieled ; perigyniura thick in texture, spongy at 

 the base, mostly stipitate, bearing very conspicuous nerves which converge 

 below, and which are especially prominent on the outer side. 



* Beak shorter than or about the length of the body of the perigynium. 



230. Carex nervina, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. x. 203, t. iii. ff. 6, 7, 8. 

 Culm flat and weak, smooth, striate, about eighteen inches high from 



a woody root : leaves ample, broad, striate above and minutely nodu- 

 lose below, the upper equalling the culm, the lower short (one half to 

 three inches long) from loose truncate sheaths : spikes densely aggre- 

 gated into a fulvous head which is one half or three fourths inch long 

 and subtended by one or two setaceous bracts of half its length : peri- 

 gynium lanceolate, spongy and compressed at the base, firm in texture, 

 marginless and smooth throughout, about the length of the very thin 

 acute scale: achenium oval. — Summit Camp, California, July 10, 

 1870, Dr. Kellogg. 



231. Carex conjdncta, Boott, 111. 122. 



G. vulpina, Carey, Gray's Man., 1848, 512, not Linn. 

 Ohio, Kentucky, and Illinois ; said by Dewey to have been found 

 by Hayden at Fort Pierre, Dakota. Rare. Readily distinguished 

 by its flat culm. 



232. Carex macrocephala, Willd. in Herb. ; Sprengel, Syst, iii. 

 808. 



Leaves a foot or more long, stiff, rough on the edges : culm a foot 

 or less long, very stiff, three-angled, smooth, shorter than the leaves : 

 head very large (two inches or more long and an inch or more broad), 

 dense, chaffy, comose from the conspicuous points of the perigynia, 

 subtended by slender bracts shorter than itself : perigynium about a 

 half-inch long and nearly a quarter-inch broad, bearing thin margins 

 which are often serrate, the slender beak about the length of the body, 

 a little longer than the very sharp scale. — A remarkable species, 

 growing in sand on the sea-shore of Oregon and Washington Ter- 

 ritory, sending a hard root-stock perpendicularly into the ground. 

 Japan. 



