THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST 355 



prepupal and pupal periods under ground, changing to adults late 

 in the autumn and emerging early the following spring. 



Although most destructive to pears, plums and prunes, the 

 pear thrips readily attacks other fruit trees such as apples and 

 cherries, besides many other trees and shrubs, the broad -leaved 

 maple being one of the worst sufferers of all. It is not a native 

 insect and is as yet unknown in Canada outside of Vancouver 

 Island, though it has been reported from several localities in both 

 Eastern and Western United States as well as from Europe. 



The question of controlling this pest is thoroughly considered, 

 and the authors state confidently that it can be readily held in 

 check. Spraying is the only satisfactory method and may be ap- 

 plied twice or three times, according to the severity of the infesta- 

 tion, two sprayings in either case being made before blossoming, 

 as treatment against the adults is more important than that 

 directed against the larvae. Miscible oil No. 2 in combination 

 with nicotine sulphate gave best results for the first spray, while 

 whale oil soap also w4th nicotine sulphate is most suitable and 

 economical for the second and third sprays. 



The bulletin is admirably illustrated with photographs and 

 drawings by Dr. Cameron. 



Life-history of the Leaf-eating Crane-fly, Cylindrotoma splen- 

 dens Doane. By Alfred E. Cameron, M.A., D. Sc, F.E.S., Ann." 

 Ent. Soc. Am., XI, No. 1, 1918, pp. 67-87, 18 figs. 



This is an important contribution to the biology of crane- 

 flies, as the species described is a member of a particularly interest- 

 ing and isolated tribe of Tipulidse, the Cylindrotomini, the known 

 larvae of which live exposed upon the leaves of various terrestrial 

 and aquatic plants, instead of living in the mud of streams or in 

 rotten wood as is the case with most of the family. 



The discovery by Dr. Cameron of the larvae of this species 

 feeding on the leaves of the false bugbane {Trautvetteria grandis) 

 on Vancouver Island is the first finding of the immature stages of 

 Cylindrotoma in America, the only other nearctic species of the 

 tribe, whose larva is known, being Liogma nodicornis. The other 

 four species with known larvae are all palaearctic and belong to 

 as many genera, one of which is also a Cylindrotoma. 



