112 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



to show how it originated. No doubt that is one way in which species 

 come to exist. 



Neonympha Canthus, Bois.-Lec. 



Chrysalis. — Length .62 inch; breadth across mesonotum, .16, across 

 abdomen, .17 inch; cyHndrical, slender; the edges of wing cases promin- 

 ent on the dorsal side ; head case moie produced than in Debis Portlandia 

 (which species this chrysalis otherwise much resembles), bevelled trans- 

 versely to a sharp edge, excavated roundly and shallowly at the sides, the 

 top a little incurved, the corners sharp ; mesonotum prominent, carinated, 

 the sides flat and sloping, the apex almost angular, being rounded but 

 slightly ; color green ; the top of head case and dorsal edges of wing cases 

 buff; a buff mid-dorsal stripe, and one on either side of this (sub-dorsal) ; 

 also a faint lateral stripe of same color. 



In Can. Ent., xv., p. 64, 1883, I described all the preparatory stages 

 of Canthus, except the chrysalis, which I had been unable^ to obtain, 

 larvae which I had had at one time or other dying before puliation. I 

 received the chrysalis described Aug. 22, 1884, from Mr. James Fletcher, 

 at Ottawa. Mr. Fletcher writes : " The larvte were quite common this 

 spring in beating the high lake and swamp grasses." It is probably 

 because the natural food of Canthus is swamp grass that I have always 

 had so much difficulty in rearing the larvae on meadow or lawn grass. 

 The larva is in shape, and in most respects, closely like that of Gemma. 

 Both are very slender and both carry on head a pair of conical horns, and 

 the chrysalis of Gemma shows two long conical processes at end of head 

 case. But in the chrysalis Canthus is like Portlandia, and of the Satyrus 

 type (as in S. A/ope), stout bodied, with truncated head case. With this 

 chrysalis we now know every stage of the several species of Neonympha 

 which live east of the Mississippi River. 



Experiments with larvae as to food plants. 



The larvae of F. Putulus feed on willow, and this seems to be the food 

 they prefer, just as Turuus prefers the Tulip tree where there is a choice. 

 Rutulus was observed by Mr. Behrens, in 1884, on species of Populus. 

 I received larvae just hatched from Mr. Wright, and lost one brood by 

 giving them Tulip leaves. After two or three days the last one had died, 

 with symptoms of poisoning. Having heard that apple and cherry were 

 food plants of the species, I offered these and willow to the next lot of 



