THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 247 



feeding takes place at night. Some of my examples were kept in tin 

 boxes, and on one occasion I surprised one of the larvce feeding at a dis- 

 tance from its case ; at another, one was close to the opening and hastily 

 retreated into the case, tail foremost, as I opened the box. They are per- 

 fectly neat in their cases, the frass being always expelled or voided out- 

 side. At any time after the first stage and to maturity, on slitting a case, 

 the larva will be found lying with anterior segments bent round so that the 

 head comes a little beyond middle of body, and in nearly every instance 

 I have found the tail towards the closed end of the case. 



There seem to be two broods of the imago in West Virginia, flying in 

 June and August. The larvag found in September have hibernated, to 

 pupate in the spring, but larvae of summer produced butterflies the same 

 season. The larva is full-grown when hibernation takes place, and after 

 awaking, pupates almost immediately, that is, after 2 or 3 days. This 

 habit is like that of species of Nisoniades observed. Abbot, Ins. Ga., 

 says that a larva of Catulhis which pupated i8th June gave butterfly the 

 26th; another which pupated 29th July gave butterfly 5th August; and 

 one which " enclosed itself 14th Sept., gave butterfly middle of March." 

 By this I conclude there are three broods of the imago in the Gulf States. 



I have, as I write, 13th Sept., 1885, two larvae in hibernation, one of 

 them under a leaf on a bit of paper. The leaf is moulded to an oval, 

 rather a half oval, cut lengthwise, the edges flattened all round, and 

 everywhere bound to the paper by close web, so that quite an effort is 

 required on my part to raise the edge in the least. The other caterpillar 

 lies under a small, oblong slip of paper upon a larger piece which at one 

 end is bent considerably. At that end the opening between the two is a 

 half circle. This is closed by a sort of lace work, full of small openings, 

 and the web first spun is strengthened by several stout threads which lie 

 upon it and cross in various ways. This sort of drum-head covering 

 would resist a strong attack of any enemy but a bird or mouse. The 

 other three sides of the slip of paper are held down by stout threads or 

 cords each of very many fibres, having their attachments upon bases of 

 web thickly spread upon the under paper and at the edges of the upper 

 one. How these threads are brought together at the middle into such a 

 cord is not apparent, but they seem to be laid side by side and cemented 

 In color these cords are black, while the web itself is pale brown. One 

 cord holds the end of the slip, two hold one side, one of them near either 

 end, and three hold the other side. In addition to this the three sides 



