70 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 



a change in the fauna, and in the insect fauna especially. So that future 

 collectors will be able to form no correct idea of what was to be got by 

 what is to be had. A thought that greatly impressed me was the persistent 

 effort that insects are continually making to spread abroad and establish 

 themselves in fresh territory. Most of these southern butterflies seem to 

 have great difficulty in accommodating themselves to our shorter seasons. 

 In the case of Colias ccesonia there should be no trouble about food 

 plants, as one of these is Trifolium ; but in the south-west it is double- 

 brooded, and it may perish in the attempt to produce a second brood in 

 this latitude, and it may take many years to bring it into harmony with 

 its environment here. 



In his catalogue of 1877, ^^- ^- H. Edwards gives its habitat as 

 Southern States, Mississippi Valley, Kansas, Texas, Arizona. And in 

 1888, Can. Ent., Vol. XX., page 23, he says : " Ccesonia is a common 

 butterfly in the Mississippi Valley and Gulf States ; also in Southern 

 California, and to the Isthmus." Then he adds: " I myself have never 

 seen it on the wing." What an extent of territory it must have covered 

 in the last ten years ! It would be interesting to know the routes it has 

 taken. The first Canadian examples of it that I saw were taken at Long 

 Point, Lake Erie, twenty years ago or so. I also have not yet seen 

 it on the wing. 



The locality where I took my Pamphila dion was in a marsh at the 

 west end of the city. The Rifle Club had its ranges on a piece of waste 

 land there ; and for convenience to reach the butts had constructed a 

 board walk through an arm of the marsh, which was full of water and 

 covered with cat-tail flags. Two clumps of a large flowering plant grew 

 beside that board walk ; the butterflies and the blossoms appeared together 

 about the ist of July, and from these blossoms I took all my F. dion. 

 When the Rifle Range was moved to another locality that board walk was 

 abolished, and from that time on I got no more specimens of dio?i. I was 

 pleased to learn that Mr. Johnston had rediscovered it. 1 have not heard 

 of its being taken anywhere else in Canada. I had been taking it for 

 several years before I got its name. Specimens of it were given to the 

 Canadian collection that went to the Centennial Exhibition at Phila- 

 delphia, and a promise made that its name should be procured. I got 

 tired waiting, and sent specimens of it to Mr. W. H. Edwards, to find that 

 it had been named only a few months previously from material obtained 

 elsewhere. (Can. Ent., Vol. XL, p. 238.) 



Saperda Candida had not been seen about Hamilton in my time. 



J. Alston Moffat. 

 During the years of my collecting, 1S96 leads in presenting rare 



