52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY 



present and the future. In this best sense he was a reformer. As a 

 public man at times in middle life, he held the position of a moderate 

 liberal, and distinguished himself in furthering reformatory and pro- 

 gressive legislation. He favored oral and public procedure in the 

 civil courts, the separation of judicial from administrative functions, 

 and the abolition of corporal punishment as a means of eliciting the 

 truth ; and he pronounced himself a friend to the freedom of the 

 press. But his public life terminated almost twenty years before his 

 death. As an author, he is widely, though by no means exclusively, 

 known as a criminalist. And he was remarkable for the assiduity and 

 activity with which, by reading, correspondence, and travels, he made 

 himself contemporary with whatever in criminal and penal legisla- 

 tion and procedure was going forward in different countries. In this 

 department of comparative law he was an adept and a leader. The 

 extent of his researches furnished a basis for general conclusions, 

 and his liberal spirit turned them readily into the path of reform. In 

 1851 he published an important work on criminal procedure in Eng- 

 land, Scotland, and North America. Some months before his death 

 this treatise appeared in a French translation, enriched with the 

 copious fruits of the author's study and personal observation in the 

 interval. In 1865, at the age of seventy-seven, he put out a work 

 (since translated into several languages) in which, surrendering his 

 early opinion on capital punishment, he declared himself in favor of 

 its total abolition. The enlargement of this work by the results of 

 indefatigable inquiries in Europe and the United States was prevented 

 only by his death. These unpublished collections have been deposited 

 in the library of the University of Heidelberg. 



Since the last annual meeting the Academy has received an acces- 

 sion of eleven new members, as appears in the following list. 

 Of Resident Fellows there have been elected, — 



Dr. Charles E. Brown-Sequard in Class II., Section 3. 



Com. John Rodgers, U. S..N., in Class I., Section 4. 



Edward C. Pickering in Class I., Section 3. 



James M. Crafts in Class I., Section 3. 

 Of Associate Fellows, — 



Rowland G. Hazard in Class III., Section 3. 



Dr. J. Lawrence Smith in Class I., Section 3. 



Hon. Horace Binney in Class III., Section 1. 



Hon. Daniel Lord in Class III., Section 1. 



