THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 45 



or with very little yellow showing. Length of body, .80 mm. to 1 mm.; 

 vertex rather sharply rounded; length of wing, 1.60 mm.; length of 

 antennae, .80 mm.; joint 5 longest, joints 4 and 5 equal ; joint 6, with 

 unguis, of the same length as the two preceding joints ; joint 3 with about 

 seven and joint 4 with about one transverse sensoria. 



Description of Plate. 



Phyllaphis Coweni, Ckll. — 1, stem-mother; 2, male; 3, oviparous 

 female ; 4, antenna of adult stem-mother ; 5, antenna of male; 6, antenna 

 of oviparous female. M. A. Palmer, artist. 



Figures 1, 2 and 3 are enlarged 30 diameters, and figures 4, 5 and 6 

 80 diameters. 



THE PREPARATORY STAGES OF EUCHLOE SARA, BOISD. 



BY KARL R. COOLIDGE AND ERVAL J. NEWCOMER, PALO ALTO, CALIF. 



Euchlo'e sara, with its variety Reakirtii, Edwards, is a common and 

 early butterfly in California, flying in the open fields about wild mustard 

 (Brassica) and other crucifers. Reakirtii may sometimes be seen as early 

 as February, and later, in April and May, sara appears, continuing on the 

 wing until October. Sara is one of the early Californian pioneers, having 

 been described by Dr. Boisduval in 1S52. 1 In 1869 W. H. Edwards 2 

 described Reakirtii. 



Synonymy and Distribution. — Sara, with its so-calied varieties, is 

 distributed almost everywhere west of the Rocky Mountains, from Arizona 

 to Vancouver. As shown by Edwards (Can. Ent., XXIV, p. 52), sara 

 proceeds from eggs of Reakirtii, although some of the pupae may go over 

 and produce Reakirtii in the spring, the dimorphism being that of Papilio 

 ajax. Thoosa, Scudder, is a synonym of julia, Edwards, and flora, 

 Wright, and mollis, Wright, are but slight modifications of sara. Brown- 

 ingii, Skinner ; stella, Edwards, and julia, Edwards, we would consider 

 but geographical forms of Reakirtii. Both Sara and Reakirtii are 

 dimorphic, some females being white and others yellow, with all inter- 

 gradations. The males are only occasionally slightly yellowed. Reakirtii 

 may be distinguished from sara by its smaller size, and the discal band on 

 primaries is blacker and more waved. Beneath, on the secondaries, the 

 greenish tinge is more pronounced than in sara, and the apex and external 

 margin of fore wings is heavier. Henry Edwards, in a letter to W. H. 



1. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fi\, 2, 10, 285, 1852. 



2. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, 2, 369, 1869. 

 February, 1909 



