THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 61 



joints are white and overbalance the dark purplish-brown body colour ; 

 dorsal line narrower than subdorsal or substigmatal ; they do not entirely 

 cross these joints, but end at the middle of the third segment ; their 

 continuation on the last five joints shows the ground colour appearing in 

 a stripe of width equal to the lines. The dorsal is here as wide as the 

 subdorsal, but the substigmatal becomes blended with the white of the 

 under side. The inception of these lines is really on the posterior edge of 

 joint seven, as it plainly crosses the suture between seven and eight. The 

 appearance of such a contrasting and queerly-marked larva seems odd for 

 a boring species where little colour generally occurs, but it is conventional 

 for Papaipema, and we are enabled by a little change in this pattern and 

 some structural details to arrange the species in a very convenient table. 

 While at variance with the disposition of the moths in some respects, it is 

 to be considered more fundamental, doubtless. The tubercle arrangement 

 is normal for the stage ; on joints two and three I, II and Ilia are small 

 and in line directly across the segment ; III, IV and V are large, in 

 triangular setting ; IV very large, the size of the other two combined. On 

 the abdominal segments this one is not quite so large, yet it exceeds the 

 others ; all are shining black, and bear a single, stiff, fine seta, nearly a 

 millimeter in length. The thoracic and anal plates are as usual, the 

 former edged with black at its lower side. The features hold through the 

 succeeding stages, the colour becoming lighter with each moult and the 

 tubercles proportionately smaller. At maturity we have a translucent, 

 whitish larva, which tapers more posteriorly than any other, the anal 

 extremity with its protective shield being proportionately very small. The 

 tubercles can scarcely be discerned even with a lens ; III and IV on the 

 thoracic joints being the only conspicuous ones. Even I and II on joint 

 twelve, which usually hold their prominence, have faded to uncertain 

 definition. The thoracic plate loses its black edging, but remains as wide 

 as the head. Well-developed larvae attain a length of 52 mm. Maturity 

 is reached about Aug. 15th, and pupation occurs within the boring. The 

 pupa differs from any other species in possessing two small tubercles in 

 front, one between the antennoe, the other slightly above. It might be 

 expected the moth would show a corresponding structure, but this does 

 not occur. At the middle of the thoracic region the pupa shows a slight 

 constriction and the abdominal segments taper more than usual. It is 

 extremely active, and can bend to a greater angle than others. When 

 disturbed, as they so frequently are, they revolve rapidly, standing upright 



