142 thk Canadian entomologist. 



in habitat, and that the habitat of a given species may vary somewhat in 

 different parts of its geographical range. Morse has pointed out that, 

 generally speaking, species inhabitating thickets, edges of woods, etc., are 

 flightless, and either brachypterous or apterous, while those frequenting 

 open places, such as fields, deserts, or exposed rocky surfaces are 

 macropterous, and capable of more or less sustained flight. The 

 dimorphic species in question are restricted in the south to thicket 

 habitats, but in the north, where they are more generally distributed, they 

 occur also, to a greater or less extent, on campestral stations. Hence the 

 macropterous type may be here preserved in adaptation to the campestral 

 habitat. 



To what extent this campestral habit actually exists and whether it is 

 a real factor in preserving the macropterous type in these species we are 

 not in a position to say. We have not enough knowledge of the ecology 

 of these species in the north to make any positive statements on the sub- 

 ject. A few facts may be given, however, which seem to lend some 

 support to this view. 



Chloealtis conspcrsa, which Rehn has recorded from the cool bogs of 

 the pine barrens of northern New Jersey (Ent. News, 1902, p. 310), in the 

 Upper Austral Zone, occurs about the edges of woods and in thickets in 

 the Transition Zone ; and Hebard found it at Pequaming, Northern 

 Michigan, "about brush heaps and stumps in open fields and pastures' 

 (Rehn, Ent. News, 1904, p. 233). I have also taken it in similar places 

 in the Canadian Zone in Ontario. On account of its egg-laying habits, 

 however, this species probably never strays far from the borders of woods. 



At Fort William, where it is dimorphic, Chloealtis abdominalis was 

 heard stridulating in the open grassy plain on the west side of the 

 Kaministiquia River, and specimens were taken on the plateau, half-way 

 to the top of Mt. Mackay. The conditions here were truly campestral, 

 but the plateau was nearly surrounded by woods, and was so small that 

 not much importance can be attached to the presence of the locusts here. 



Melanoplus fasciatus and extremus, both dimorphic at Fort William, 

 are certainly more generally distributed here than they are farther south; 

 e. g., in the Georgian Bay region. Long winged males of the former were 

 found flying about the bare talus slope on the side of Mt. McKay, a type 

 of habitat which this species does not frequent in the Transition Zone, 

 where macropterous individuals are very rare. The long-winged male of 



