io6 The Irish Naturalist. 



Helix aculeata, Mull. 



I. II. — IV. V. VI. — VIII. IX. — — XII. 



Like H. pygnma, whose habitat it shares, this species is most easilj^ 

 obtained by shaking fallen leaves over a sieve and examining the residue 

 carefully on a piece of white paper. 



Foreign Distribution. — Great Britain, Germany, France, southern 

 Scandinavia, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Algiers, Mo- 

 rocco, Corsica, Sicily, and the Azores. 



Helix lamellata, Jeffr. 

 I. II. III. IV. — — — — — — — XII. 



Thompson (15) has recorded this beautiful species from Co. Down, 

 Killarney, and the Glen of the Downs (Wicklow), and I myself found it 

 at GlengarifF and Killarney. 



Foreign Distribution. — Its very limited foreign distribution points 

 to the probability of its having originated somewhere within the British 

 Islands. It occurs in Scotland, North of England (also in the south 

 during the glacial period), northern Germany, Denmark, and southern 

 Sweden. 



Helix hispida, Linn. 



I. II. — IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. XI. XII. 



The shell of this species is very variable in size as well as in the width 

 of the umbilicus ; so much so that it is by many authorities subdivided 

 into a number of species. The variety nana (Jeffr.) is regarded as a distinct 

 species by Westerlund, whilst the variety concinna (Jeffr.), which Mr. 

 Jeffreys himself was inclined to look upon as a distinct species, is treated 

 as a variety b}' all continental authorities. H. hispida and its variety 

 concinna are commonly distributed in Ireland. 



Foreign Distribution. — Great Britain, throughout continental 

 Kurope, Sicily, Algiers, Siberia, Nova Scotia (introduced) ? 



Helix rufescens, Penn. 

 I. II. — IV. V. — VII. VIII. IX. X. XI. XII. 



This is an extremely variable form, and like the last is divided into a 

 number of separate species by some of the continental authorities. Dr. 

 Westerlund recognises three British species belonging to this type, 

 viz., H. rufescens (Penn.), H, striolata (C. Pfr.), and H. abhidens (Loc). The 

 latter is said to be found only in Dublin, Jersey, and Boulogne in the 

 north of France. 



In the neighbourhood of Dublin this species is very common, and 

 it seems to be generally distributed in Ireland, except in the north-east. 

 Milne (10) found it in the Co. Donegal and Achill Island. 



Foreign Distribution. — This is difficult to determine on account of 

 the difference of opinion as to the limits of the species. H. rufescens 

 (Penn.), Great Britain, Belgium, N. W. France. H. striolata (C. Pfr.), 

 Great Britain, France, W. Germany. H. abludens (Loc), Jersey and N. 

 France. H, \inontana (Stud.), Switzerland, south Germany, France, and 

 Austria. 



Helix sericea, Drap. 



I. II — IV. V. — — — IX. — — XII. 



I quite agree with Thompson (15) that the Irish specimens are not 

 referable to H. granulata, Alder. They are somewhat intermediate 

 between the typical //. sericea and //. granulata, the latter being probably 

 only an extreme variety of the other. 



Foreign Distribution. — Great Britain, France, south-west Ger- 

 many, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Algiers. 



