OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. 309 



Mastodon ; and fourteen high, or two feet higher than the Mastodon. 

 The animal next in size after the Mastodon, the Megatherium, known, 

 like the two preceding, in a fossil state only, has the height of 

 eight feet and the length of twelve, although some of its parts are 

 enormous. 



" The bones of the extremities generally arc not of great size, but 

 there are some large bones, particularly the thigh-bone in the Darm- 

 stadt collection, more than five feet long. The thigh-bone of the great 

 Mastodon is only three and a half feet ; this would make the Dino- 

 therium bone not quite a third longer than the Mastodon, and the skele- 

 ton about a third higher. 



" The Eppelsheim thigh-bone, it has been suggested, might have 

 been that of an Elephant. Professor Kaup did not appear to be settled 

 in the opinion that it appertained to the Dinotherium ; so that we must 

 consider this bone not to be fairly claimed by the animal in the present 

 state of our information. Further, we must confess that we have not 

 seen a bone of the Dinotherium, which entitles this animal to a higher 

 estimation among gigantic quadrupeds than the Mastodon. 



"The lower jaw, attached to the cast of the head, discovered by 

 Dr. Klipstein, is indeed longer than any Mastodon jaw ; but this peculiar 

 prolongation is destined for the support of the curved tusks, and its 

 other proportions are generally smaller than those of the Mastodon. 

 Thus the circumference of its medial portion is in the Dinotherium 

 twenty inches, in the Mastodon twenty-two. The breadth of the 

 ramus in the former is five inches just below the condyloid process, 

 while that of the latter is at the same point ten and a half inches ; the 

 height of the ramus is two inches less in the former than in the latter. 



" The cranium has already been shown to be decidedly smaller than 

 either the Shawangunk head or that of the great skeleton. There 

 may be, and probably are, other Dinotherium bones in existence, 

 greater than any we have had an opportunity of seeing. 



" In the comparison made above, we have considered only the 

 largest species, the Dinotherium giganteum. There are, however, 

 other smaller species, but their number and distinctions are not well 

 established. The D. Cuvieri, D. medium, and D. australe of Professor 

 Owen, found in New Holland, are pretty well understood ; the others 

 are more doubtful. 



" Dr. Buckland was of opinion that this animal vtas aquatic in its 

 habitation and modes of living; that it slept in the rivers, anchored by 



