OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. 251 



1816. Lam., Hist. Nat. An. sans Vert. iv. 30 : brassica3 and others, 



including rapte. 

 1816. Hiibn., Verz. 53 : employs it for species of another family. 

 1827. Stepb., III. Brit. Ent. Iluust. i. 25: restricts it to cratasgi, but 



improperly. See Aporia. 

 1831. Curtis, Brit. Eiit., pi. 360: also specifies crattegi as type. 

 1832-33. Swains., Zocil. 111. ii. 69: designates Belisama as type; but 



it is not even one of Scbraak's species. 

 1836. Boisd., Spec. gen. 431: employs it for all of Schrank's third 



group, excepting sinapis and cardamines, and this has 



been its general use ever since. 



Since all of the other species given by Schrank must be taken as types 

 of otlier genera (see Aporia, .Mancipium, Pontia, Euchloe, and Leptidia), 

 rapte may be talven as the type, as it is virtually included in the group 

 by Latreille in 1809. This, too, would best accord with modern usage. 



1840. "Westw., Gen. Syn. 87 : also specifies crataegi as type. 



1870. Butl., Cist. Ent. i. 37, 49 : considers Demo{)hile (Amathonte) 



as type. This, he says, is the tyt>e of Boisduval's Pieris 

 [it was simply liis first species] ; Apollo, that of Schrank's ; 

 Leucippe, that of Latreille and Godart; he adopts Demo- 

 phile, because " we ought to have a genus Pieris in the 

 Pierince." But it was not mentioned by Schrank. 

 1872. Scudd., Syst. Rev. 41 : specifies brassicjB as type, erroneously. 

 See Mancipium, Ganoris, and Catophaga. 



872. PlERlTES* (fossil). 

 1849. Herr, Insektenf. Oening. ii. 182 : Freyeri. Sole species, and 

 therefore type. 

 Falls before Synchloe, with which it is synonymous. In 1840 a 

 group of butterflies was named Pierites by Blancliard and BruUc; but 

 it would hardly affect this, for the name is not Latin, but a Gallicized 

 form of Latin. 



873. PiNDis. 



1869. Feld., Yerhandl. Zool.-bot. Gesellsch. Wien. xix. 475 : squa- 

 mistriga. Sole species, and therefore type. 



1871. Kirb., Syn.' Cat. 108: the same. 



874. PisoLA. 



1865. Moore, Proc. Zool. See. Lond. 785 : Zennara. Sole species, 



and therefore type. 

 1871. Kirb., Syn. Cat. 583 : the same. 



