110 The Irish Naturalist. Oct., 



One of these seams, Professor Kendall states, contained 

 many shells, mostly species of Trophon, such as T. scalari- 

 forme and its kindred, and this genus is very prolific both 

 specifically and individually in the Wexford gravels, es- 

 pecially in the Blackwater cliffs on the coast. 



The bed of sand overlying this clayey gravel is " certainly 

 suggestive of regular and horizontal stratification " (Kendall, 

 loc. cit.). Further northwards the cliffs rise near Cranstal 

 Point to 270 feet. 



The fine sands seen in these cliffs are of the same texture 

 and like those in the valley of the Slaney river, Wexford, 

 contain a few large boulders. One of these recorded in 

 my Wexford Report^ had evidently fallen from above as if 

 dropped from a passing ice-floe, as it had disturbed and 

 compressed the laminated sands into which it had fallen. 

 As at Pulregan, Wexford, the foot of Cranstal cliffs yield a 

 harvest of shells weathered out from above. 



It was further noticed upon comparing the fossils from 

 the two districts, i.e., Wexford and the Isle of Man, that 

 both contained many species and generic types in common 

 not found elsewhere in the Irish Sea area, including a number 

 of forms either extinct or new to science, and many species 

 still living in either Southern or Northern Europe, but not 

 in the present Irish Sea basin. The Wexford gravels, etc., 

 have yielded up to the present about 200 species ; those 

 of the Isle of Man, 145 species. Of the shells common to both 

 localities, there are either extinct or new to science, 11 ; 

 Southern Europe, 2 ; Northern Europe, 19 ; and Celtic, 59 

 species. 



The combined faunas of the two areas make up a total of 

 more than 260 species, which may be grouped as follows : — 



Ireland. Isle of Man. 



Extinct or new to science 53 



Southern Europe . . 27 



Northern Europe . . 63 



Celtic (British) . . 119 



262 206 145 



^Report, British Association, op. cit., 1888. 



