40 * The Irish Naturalist. April, 



ment at Owen's College, Mar Chester. Hartog himself was a D.Sc. of. 

 London, F.Z.S. and F.R H.S. 



Mrs. Hartog, who survives him, is a native of Nancy, and of his two 

 children his daughter is the wife of Professor \Vm, Cram.p of the Electrical 

 Engineering Department of Birmingham University, and his son, Mr. 

 W. G. Hartog, was for some time assistant professor oi French in Univer- 

 sity College, London. 



L. P. \V. R. 



REVIEWS. 



Butterfly Lore. 



Butterfly Lore. By H. Eltringkam, m.a., d.sc, etc. Oxford : 

 The Clarendon Press. 4s. Cxi. 



Even in those who are not particularly interested in the study of 

 insects. Dr. Eltringham's book cannot fail to arouse some admiration for 

 the beauty and wonderful contrivances to be found in Butterflies and 

 Moths. 



Although written by one evidently deeply versed in butterfly lore, 

 the facts are told in such a way that they can easily be understood and 

 enjoyed by the uninitiated. 



The chapters on the caterpillar and chrysalis give details, with elaborate 

 drawings, of structure, concealment, etc. The various contrivances 

 employed by the caterpillar to assist it in its struggle for existence are 

 excellently described. 



One of the more interesting chapters is that describing the life history 

 of our Large Blue. It is now known that after a short time of feeding 

 on the Wild Thyme, the larva leaves the plant and is carried by ants to 

 their nest. The larva now proceeds to feed on the ants' larvae, and when 

 full fed to pupate in the ants' nest. " Blue " butterflies in other parts 

 of the world have similar habits 



Perhaps the most interesting chapter is that on concealment and 

 mimicry. The devices adopted for concealment by butterflies and moths 

 are marvellous, the dead leaf appearance being perhaps the most 

 common. 



Besides mimicking inanimate objects, butterflies mimic each other 

 Some species are not eaten by birds owing to a nauseous smell or acrid 

 juice, and these are mimicked by others which are readily eaten. Dr. 

 Eltringham mentions the -Cvell-known case of the three forms of the female 

 Hypolimnas misippus (edible), which mimic the three forms of Danais 

 chrysippiis (inedible). The three forms of each are all found together in 

 Natal. 



The law of priority in the naming of lepidoptera appears to be now 

 very rigidly applied, and the change of name often causes confusion. Dr. 

 Eltringham mentions the mimicking forms of the females of Papilio 



