24 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST 



The Balsam Injury in Quebec and its Control. — ^By J. M. Swaine. Vol. G, 

 No. 3, March, 1919. 



This paper describes a serious condition of the Balsam Fir in the Province 

 of Quebec, originating in an outbreak of the Spruce Budworm a few years ago, 

 as a result of which the trees were killed over hundreds of square miles, and these 

 not killed outright have subsequently fallen \ictims to other insect and fungus 

 enemies. These are the Ground Rot (Polyporus schwemit-zii), the Sap Rot, 

 the Eastern Balsam Bark-'beetle and the Eastern Balsam Weevil. The future 

 of the balsam in the affected regions is not considered to be bright. Suggestions 

 for improving the situation are dealt witli under three headings: (1) Utilize 

 the threatened balsam; (2) Burn the slash, and (3) Increase the percentage 

 of spruce in the stand. 



The Poplar Borer. — By R. N. Chrystal. Vol. 6, No. 4, April, 1919. 

 This paper is the outcome of observations by the author on a case of serious 

 damage to cottonwood on a ranch near Cowley, Alberta. It contains an his- 

 torical account of the depredator {Saperda calcarata), descriptions of the larva 

 and adult, and of their life- history and work. Remedial measures are sug- 

 gested for dealing with (jutbreaks of the beetle on a large scale and for treat 

 ing individual trees. 



The Greenhouse Leaf-tyer {Phlyctcenia ferrugalis Hbn.). — By Arthur Gibson. 

 Vol. G, No. 7, Juh', 1919. This is another European insect, known in Canada 

 since 1899, and ncnv widely distributed in the East. The caterpillars attack a 

 wide range of greenhouse plants, particularly soft- leaved species. The life- 

 history, injuries, enemies and methods of control are described. 



An Infesiaiion of Apple Sucker, Psyllia mails, Schmidh., in Nova Scotia — .By 

 W. H. Brittain. Vol 6, No. 7, 1919. 



This is a new and xcry undesirable immigrant from Europe, which appeared 

 in a severe outbreak at Wolfville, N.S. Full descriptions and figures cf the 

 adult and fifth nymphal instar are given. The injury is similar to that of the 

 Pear Psylla, the really serious damage being caused by the nymphs onh-. At 

 the season of its discovery the outbreak was too ad\'anced to permit of sa\ing 

 the crop, but preliminary tests with a liquid spray (nicotine sulphate, one pint 

 to 100 gallons of water, applied as a heavy drenching spray by means of a 

 "Friend" gun) gave excellent results. Other tests were made with various 

 contact dusts, but were less effective. 

 From the Ottawa Naturalist: — 



The Genus Vespa in Canada. Key to the species. By F'. W. L. Sladen. 

 Vol. XXXII, No. 4, Oct. 1918, pp. 71-72. Four new species are accorded, 

 V. norvegicoides, albida, acadica and atropilosa 



Insect Galls and Gall Insects. By E. P. Felt, Albany, N.V. \'ol. XXXII. 

 No. 7, Jan., 1919, pp. 127-131. A popular account of this subject, describing 

 some of the structural and adaptive features of insect galls, the relations 

 between gall insects and their plant hosts, the alternation of generations in the 

 Cynijjids and gall aphids, the apparent niiniicr\- ol some galls, occurrcMUx* ol 

 intiuilines, etc. It is illustrated 1)\- tun plates, showing characteristic lornis ol 



insect galls. E.M.W. 



(To be continued.) 



Mailed January 27th, 1920 



