THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 81 



for a considerable distance, to leave it again for a long country detour, 

 which finally brought us to the town of Haining. This is just below and 

 in sight of the great town of Hangchow, situated at the southern terminus 

 of tlie (Irand Canal. Some of the branch or interior canals are large and 

 important, or perhaps streams widened and straightened ; others are 

 narrow, and some of them mere ditches, scarcely large enough for the boat 

 to go through, and with numerous stone bridges which offered serious 

 obstacles to our progress. 



You can easily imagine that a trip of this sort was very interesting. 

 It afforded wonderfully good opportunities to gain an acquaintance with 

 the whole interior flat country of this portion of China. It was possible 

 any time to leave the boat and get out and walk along the side of the 

 canal. As stated, the boat v/as propelled, after the first night, merely by 

 tlie single oar at the stern, "eulowing" it is called, and the speed was about 

 that of a slow walk, so there was plenty of opportunity to take runs across 

 country, see the nature of the vegetation and the system of cultivation, to 

 study the orchards and house yards, and to make collections, and this I 

 was doing all the time at great risk of being bitten by Chinese dogs, 

 which share their owners' antipathy to the " foreign white devil." 



The portion of China explored in this way is about the equivalent in 

 latitude with northern Florida and southern Georgia, and is the northern 

 limit of the citrus region. Immediately back of Shanghai the peach is the 

 important fruit crop; in fact, this is the great peach region of China. I 

 examined a great many of these orchards and went into a great many 

 house yards, always being threatened viciously by dogs, and stared at with 

 coldness, if not savagely, by the Chinese. Very rarely did I find a China- 

 man who was at all pleasant in his demeanor, quite the opposite in this 

 respect of the conditions in Japan. Collections of scale insects were made 

 through this region, but they were very rare. The whole region is exces- 

 sively moist and hot in summer, resulting in very general fungous attack, 

 so that, with the exception of one or two species, wherever I found any 

 scale insects they were simply the remains of small colonies killed by 

 fungus. There was scarcely a living scale insect to be found at this season 

 of the year — late October. 



The citrus fruits, which began to appear at Haining, were examined 

 for scale insects, and here and at some near-by towns and villages a few 

 citrus scale insects were collected. A few species also were found on the 

 mulberry. The country traversed is a great silk, cotton and rice produc- 



