THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST. 183 



methods of control, namely, this burning of the bunch grass to 

 destroy the hibernating insects and the dust barriers to prevent 

 migration or to destroy the nymphs when migrating from wheat to 

 com, are very clearly explained and the grounds on which they are 

 advocated are set forth in a convincing manner. So far as one can 

 judge, the Bulletin should be very valuable to the farmers of 

 Kansas and to any who have to study and combat this very de- 

 structive pest. 



— L. Caesar. 



The Hessian Fly. By T. J. Headlee and J. B. Parker, Agr. Expt. 

 Sta. Manhattan, Kansas, Bui. 188, pp. 83-138, 1913. 



This is a technical bulletin giving a comprehensive account of 

 the Hessian Fly in Kansas. The authors, however, have not 

 limited themselves solely to Kansas conditions, but have made 

 several very important references to the results obtained by other 

 investigators in different parts of the United "States, whenever by 

 so doing they could make more clear the point at issue. The history, 

 distribution, habits, life history, nature of injury, natural and 

 artificial means of control have been discussed at considerable 

 length. The most valuable parts of the bulletin deal with the 

 effects of temperature and moisture on the insect; the part played 

 by parasites; the uselessness or inadvisability of several advocated 

 measures of control, and the effectiveness of other methods. 



None of the measures advocated are new, but new data are 

 given to prove more fully their value and considerable attention 

 has been paid to answering the objections that have been made to 

 them. The control measures advocated are (a) destruction of the 

 insects on infested stubble preferably by ploughing under, (b) 

 destruction of volunteer wheat, and (c) late sowing. In addition 

 to these, the importance of a fertile, well-prepared seed-bed and 

 good seed are emphasized. It is shown that climatic conditions 

 and parasites play a very important part in control, but that they 

 can never be relied upon to take the place of the measures just 

 mentioned. Though the bulletin describes Kansas conditions, 

 almost everything that it contains has a direct bearing upon this 

 pest in Canada or elsewhere and is also very valuable by way of 

 comparison with our local conditions. 



L. Caesar. 



