THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST 383 



faunal paper, and as he names no type nor original species, his 

 name must follow the first valid type fixation for genus Pachymerus, 

 which was that of Laporte mentioned above. A further and strong 

 reason for accepting Laporte's name is that Say's name Pamera 

 has long been used for a quite distinct assemblage of species, 

 and- the transfer of the name would cause serious confusion. It 

 may be well to add here that while Say's paper on the Heteropterous 

 Hemiptera was dated 1831, only the first eight pages were pub- 

 lished that year as we are informed by Fitch (2d Annual Rept. 

 N. Y. St. Entomologist, in Trans. N. Y. St. Agricul. Soc, Vol. XV, 

 for 1855, p. 523). The next name quoted by Stal for Pachymerus 

 is Stenocorius Ramb., which is equivalent to Paromius Fieb. It 

 was established in 1842, not 1838 as cited by Stal, and is preoccupied 

 by Stcnocoris Burm. published in the supplement to the Handbuch, 

 Vol. II, part 2, p. 1010, 1838. This leaves Orthcea Dall. the first 

 valid name for the genus with consula Dall. as type. It may be 

 noted in this connection that the genera Calyptonotus and Aphanus 

 in the Oshanin Katalog must be reversed. The name Calyptonotus 

 Dougl. and Scott was published as a substitute for Rhyparochromus 

 Fieb. (and Am. & Serv.) and therefore takes as type alboacumin- 

 atus Goeze. I cannot find that this genus is represented in our 

 fauna. 



Genus Astemma Lep. and Serv. — This genus was founded 

 simultaneously by Latreille and Lepeletier and Serville in 1825. 

 Latreille's genus was without description or species and conse- 

 quently was a nomen nudum until 1829, when in the edition of 

 Cuvier's Regnum Animalia of that year he gives it a short diag- 

 nosis and names two species: Salda pallicornis and flavipes of 

 Fabricius, the latter a Geocoris not answering to Latreille's diag- 

 nosis of his genus, so the former must be taken as the type making 

 it equivalent to Halticus Hahn, 1831. Lepeletier and Serville 

 founded their genus Astemma in the tenth volume of the Encyclopia 

 Methodique, naming several species and describing cornuta as 

 new. In 1832 Laporte designates konigi Fabr. as the type of 

 Astemma, but not being an original species, this type fixation is 

 invalid. Kirkaldy in 1909 names apterus Linn, as type of the 

 Astemma of Lep. & Serv., but this certainly is invalid, as Stal 

 had in 1870 restricted the genus to cornuta and its allies, as he 



