342 



THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST 



The mouthparts are well developed and prominent. The 

 suture between the labrum and clypeus is very indistinct or lack- 

 ing. The clypeus-labrum is black, broadly emarginate in front. 

 The mandibles are large and powerful. The right is more slender, 

 longer and more strongly curved with a large tooth on its cutting 

 edge. The left is shorter and thicker, and lacks the large tooth, 

 though a slight elevation marks the position (fig. 31). 



A maxilla is shown in figure 31. The maxillae stand out 

 prominently, particularly in the young larvae. The cardo is 





i, 



f 



Fig. 31. — (From left to right.) Antenna, right mandible, labium, left mandible, maxilla. 



greatly elongated, the lacinia being reduced to a mere joint. The 

 palpus is 3-jointed. 



The pupa. — The pupa at time of transformation is pure, white 

 in colour, the eyes soon becoming dark, while the prothorax soon 

 takes on a reddish-brown tinge. It measures, including the cerci, 

 24 mm. long by 14.5 mm. wide at its broadest part. The pupa 

 rests in its chamber, as shown in figure 4, and is quite active 

 when disturbed or exposed to the light, turning over or changing 

 its position by sudden muscular contractions of the abdomen, 

 The tender pupa does not come in contact with the soil, but rests 

 on large, strong spines. (PI. XXII, fig. 4). 



The head lies incurved under the prothorax, and is not visible 

 in a dorsal view. It is perfectly smooth, lacking spines or setae. 



